Summit for hire? :: essays research papers

The day after Univ. of Tennessees Pat bakshis eclipsed North Carolinas Dean Smith for most career wins by a Division I Head Basketball Coach some suggested that she would be a good choice to lead the Vols mens squad. UT has since hired a male coach. Yet we are still left with the question of whether Summit should be considered for, or accept any such job.     The 800-pound gorilla in this argument is whether Summit deserves to lay claim to the title as "all-time winningest Division I basketball coach." In a purely statistical sense, she does. But canvass the womens and mens games is like comparing, well, women and men. Theyre completely opposite.      Sadaharu Oh hit more home runs than Hank Aaron, but nobody would say the two men are comparable, since Oh compete in Japan, and Aaron played in the U.S. John Gagliardi won more football games than Bobby Bowden. Again, a difference Gagliardi coached in Division III, while Bowden spent most of his time in the I-A rank. And Summit has more wins than Smith. But were talking about two different sports. Not better or worse, different. Smith is the mens wins champion, and Summit holds the womens title two different sports, two different leaders.     The reason Summit shouldnt consider taking the mens job is that she could end up damaging the womens game by doing so. She is a giant in her sport, the most successful coach ever and the builder of the program every other school wants to emulate. If she were to take over the UT mens aggroup and not win big, there would be joy among those who consider womens college basketball inferior.      Summit has never recruited mens players. She would have to build a new interlock of high school and AAU contacts to help funnel her players. She would have to deal with prep stars who believe their next dribble should be for NBA millions, not collegiate glory. That doesnt exist (yet) in the wom ens game. And she would face the challenge of convincing families and players that playing for a woman is no different than playing for a man. Fail to do any of that, and Summit wont stop the players to compete at the highest level. And if she doesnt win -- and win big -- she will be viewed by many as the queen of the minor leagues who failed at her shot in the bigs.

Religiously Selfish :: essays research papers

Many people rely heavily upon religion daily. They use it as a source of reasoning, as an explanation for hardships or struggles they whitethorn be facing. However, many people only seem to rely upon religion when they purport they need outside support. Hemingway addresses the idea of religion many propagation in his novel A Farewell to Arms. However, Hemingways examples contrast with each other, demonstrating his belief that the majority of people seem to use religion only when seasonable for them.Religion can be used to explain events that one cannot find a way to rationalize or understand. Often, when one feels that he or she is world faced with great burdens, and cannot seem to find a way to understand why those burdens are being placed upon themselves, one may turn to religion. When Freds companion Passini loses his legs to a trench-mortar, Hemingway describes his reaction He big his arm and moaned, Oh mama mia, mama Mia, then, Dio te salve, Maria. Dio te salve, Maria. Oh Je sus shoot me Christ shoot me (55). though Passini may be moaning these things subconsciously, he has turned to higher-powers for help when he is in great pain. It is much easier to explain unfair treat custodyt by saying it is gods intentions, or the intentions of some other higher-being, than to decide that one is merely unlucky or has done something to bring those burdens into place.When people do not feel they need the support of religion, and of a higher-power, they often dismiss it as nonsense and as foolish. They do not feel the need to devote themselves to something that they realize may be fictional. Hemingway demonstrates this through the actions of the soldiers when Frederick is dining with them The Pope wants the Austrians to win the war, the major said. He loves Franz Joseph. Thats where the money comes from. I am an atheist All thinking men are atheists, (7 and 8). The major is poking fun at the priest, insulting both the priest and the pope and saying that there is no God. Later on in the story, Rinaldi has his own go at the priest, saying To hell with you, priest... To hell with you To hell with the whole damn business, (173). Rinaldi claims he is joking with the priest, and it appears as though he is at first. However, his ranting becomes serious and malicious.

Hamlet -- the Characterization Essay -- GCSE English Literature Course

Hamlet -- the Characterization The beautifully developed characters within Shakespeares dramatic tragedy, Hamlet, are manifestations of genius. Let us in this essay tour the gallery of the Bards characters in this most famous conform to. George Lyman Kittredge, in his book, Five Plays of Shakespeare, describes the Bards excellent characterization of Claudius nance Claudius is a superb figure almost as great a dramatic creation as Hamlet himself. His intellectual powers are of the highest order. He is fluent formal when formality is appropriate (as in the speech from the throne), graciously familiar when familiarity is in place (as is his treatment of the family of Polonius), persuasive to an almost superhuman degree (as in his manipulation of the insurgent Laertes) always and everywhere a model of royal dignity. His courage is manifested, under the most terrifying circumstances, when the mob breaks into the palace. His self-control when the dumb expose enacts his secret cr ime before his eyes is nothing less than marvelous. (xviii) The genius of the Bard is revealed in his characterization. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt in Literature of the Western universe examine the universal appeal of Shakespeare resulting from his sharply etched characters Every age from Shakespeares time to the present has found something different in him to admire. All ages, however, cave in recognized his supreme skill in inventing sharply etched characters it frequently happens that long after one has forgotten the exact story of a play one remembers its people with absolute vividness. It is true, paradoxically, that many of Shakespeares characters represent universal types.. . . Scores of them are fu... ...stitute of Technology. 1995. http//www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html West, Rebecca. A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption. Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Court and the Castle. wise Have n, CT Yale University Press, 1957. Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. Shakespeare. Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992. Wilson, John Dover. What happens in Hamlet. New York Cambridge University Press, 1959. Wright, Louis B. and Virginia A. LaMar. Hamlet A Man Who Thinks Before He Acts. Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Ed. Louis B. Wright and Virginia A. LaMar. N. p. Pocket Books, 1958.

Kate Chopin Gives a Womans Voice to Realism Essay -- essays papers

Kate Chopin Gives a Womans Voice to RealismKate Chopin succeeded in giving a womans voice to realism. While doing this she sacrificed her career. This seems to be a higher order of feminism than repeating the story of a woman as victim...Kate Chopin gives her female protagonist the central role, normally reserved for the man, in a meditation on identity element and culture, consciousness, and art. (Robinson 3) The role of woman in the society Chopin creates is of special interest and relevance. (Robinson 6)Introduction to Kate ChopinBefore Kate Chopin came onto the writing scene, women had an insignificant role in society. Women never did anything that would cause some sort of controversy. All literature focused around a male main character as well. Most stories being written at the metre were about male characters and their stories, not the women. Kate Chopin changed that. Kate Chopin was born Katherine OFlaherty. She was born in St. Louis, Missouri in 1851. Her father was a n Irish immigrant and her mother was of French descent. They introduced Kate to music and writing at an early age. (Elements of Literature 481)At nineteen she married Oscar Chopin, who was a French Creole from New Orleans. They had six children together. After her husbands sudden death IN???, she locomote back to ST. Louis and began to write. In 1890 she published her first novel. Her stories concerned the life of French Creole in Louisiana and were praised for their accurate portrayal of the French. Her themes are a some(prenominal) more controversial matter it was the repression of women in Victorian America. This theme was presented in her famous novel The Awakening. (Robinson 15)The AwakeningKate Chopins most well... ...s. She accomplished her goals, and made a major impact on writing. Kate Chopin influenced many other women writers today. She was a pioneer of her own time, in her portrayal of womens desires of independence and control of their own sexuality. (Toth 481)B ibliography1. Allen, Priscilla. Old Critics and New The give-and-take of Chopins The Awakening. The Authority of Experience Essays in Feminist Criticism, eds. Arlyn Diamond and Lee R. Edwards. Amherst University of Massachusetts Press, 1997.2. Chopin, Kate. A Pair of Silk Stockings Elements of Literature. Orlando, Florida Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc., 1993 481-4843. Moers, Ellen. Literary Women Garden City, NY Doubleday, 19764. Q. Arpin, Susan Allen Toth. Elements of Literature, 5th Course. Orlando, Florida Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc., 1993

Language Development in Hearing-impaired Children Essay -- Linguistics

This had to be the hardest paper that I have written here at Ashford. I think a circuit had to do with finding four articles that I could really relate to. Well, then again finding the articles that interested me the almost in one of the following aras cognitive development, language development, social development, or memory and the brain in children and infants. Most students would say that this is easy, however, my situation is not corresponding most students. I have a 6 year old little girl, named Racine, that is my true inspiration. She is the reason why I am here at Ashford and deciding my major. The reason why I bring my daughter up in this paper is because all of the area I have to write about(predicate) really concern her. Racine is hearing impaired and will most likely be deaf by the age of 10 years old. This is very give tongue to for our family. However, the hardest part is not her losing her hearing but it is everything else with her learning. Racine has all of the above issues we are suppose to write our paper about. However, her two major issues , along with the hearing loss, are cognitive development and language development. With you knowing a little about Racine, I would like to go a little out of the box. What I repute by this is that I have read all kinds of articles and research on these two different developmental areas and there really is not a lot dealing with hearing loss associated with them. Within doing my research for this paper I have found that children who experience hearing loss tend to speak in three specific ways. These ways includes American Sign Language, either using aural- oral communication, or simultaneous. Children with hearing loss have to develop communication skills through and through the value of their eyes rather than the... ... from http//www.wrongdiagnosis.com/medical/hearing_impairment.htmCauses of Hearing Loss in Children. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.asha.org/public/hearing/disorders/causes.htmChi ldren with Hearing Loss A Family Guide. (n.d.). Retrieved fromhttp//www.he ENT Ear Nose & pharynx - Specialists of Northwestern Pennsylvania. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.ent-specialists.net/childhearingloss2.phparingproblems.com/Children_with_Hearing_Loss_Family_Guide_Summary.htm Child Hearing Loss by Kristin Mulcahy.doc. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//faculty.frostburg.edu/mbradley/EC/childhearingloss.docDifferent Types Of Hearing Loss. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.ehealthmd.com/library/hearingloss/HL_types.htmlNPC Quietnet Quiet Classrooms Paper on Hearing Loss in Children. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.nonoise.org/quietnet/qc/workshop/2paaa2_1.htm

Language Development in Hearing-impaired Children Essay -- Linguistics

This had to be the hardest paper that I have written present(predicate) at Ashford. I think a lot had to do with finding four articles that I could really relate to. Well, then again finding the articles that enkindle me the most in one of the following areas cognitive development, language development, social development, or memory and the brain in children and infants. Most students would say that this is easy, however, my situation is non like most students. I have a 6 year old little girl, named Racine, that is my true inspiration. She is the reason why I am here at Ashford and deciding my major. The reason why I bring my daughter up in this paper is because all of the area I have to indite about really concern her. Racine is hear impaired and will most likely be deaf by the age of 10 years old. This is in truth said for our family. However, the hardest part is not her losing her hearing but it is everything else with her learning. Racine has all of the above issues we are suppose to write our paper about. However, her two major issues , along with the hearing loss, are cognitive development and language development. With you knowing a little about Racine, I would like to go a little out of the box. What I mean by this is that I have read all kinds of articles and research on these two different developmental areas and there really is not a lot dealing with hearing loss associated with them. Within doing my research for this paper I have found that children who experience hearing loss tend to converse in three specific ways. These ways includes American Sign Language, either using aural- oral communicating, or simultaneous. Children with hearing loss have to develop communication skills through the value of their eyes rather than the... ... from http//www.wrongdiagnosis.com/medical/hearing_impairment.htmCauses of Hearing harm in Children. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.asha.org/public/hearing/disorders/causes.htmChildren with Hearing Loss A Famil y Guide. (n.d.). Retrieved fromhttp//www.he ENT Ear wander & Throat - Specialists of Northwestern Pennsylvania. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.ent-specialists.net/childhearingloss2.phparingproblems.com/Children_with_Hearing_Loss_Family_Guide_Summary.htm Child Hearing Loss by Kristin Mulcahy.doc. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//faculty.frostburg.edu/mbradley/EC/childhearingloss.docDifferent Types Of Hearing Loss. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.ehealthmd.com/library/hearingloss/HL_types.htmlNPC Quietnet Quiet Classrooms Paper on Hearing Loss in Children. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.nonoise.org/quietnet/qc/workshop/2paaa2_1.htm

Psychology 285 Week 9 Final Essay

Every bingle has asked at point in their lives who am I? Everyone will go through not bad(p) lengths to figure out exactly that answer. Because of that no topic in psychology today is more heavily researched than self (Myers, D.G., 2012). These feelings come about for a bend of reasons. We develop a number of feelings for reasons that argon related to group dynamics, genetics perhaps, and social influence. There are so many influences on the relationships that we develop.Self-conceptsThere are so many awesome qualities about me Im honest, very giving, independent and opinionated however be opinionated can be a blessing and a curse. Growing up I remember being in trouble so much because of my mouth. I was the type of child that indispens up to(p) to get my point across and I was going to get out whatever it was that I needed to say My mother told me several times belatedly that she admires my courage when it comes to saying whats on my mind she hated it when I was growing up pl ainly she respects it now because she holds back a multitude afraid to speak up. Knowing that I am super opinionated I have to be careful sometimes about the way that I say things to other pile. This is because what I say may be without malicious intent however it could come off that way if its not guardedly expressed I am so opinionated that I will solicit my opinion to anyone with being asked to solicit it. Especially when it comes to my nigglinger sister she thinks that Im being hard on her but I tell her all the time the day I have nothing to say be worried, I talk because I care This brings me to being such a giving individual I would give my heart if I was able to elapse to live. I have given my last to so many and I expect absolutely nothing in return. I have learned that in that respect is no greater lesson in life than the one of being able to give. I am the type of person who will go through my son, daughter, finance and my own closets just to see what they are no longer wearing to give it away to someone else who can actually use it. I indispensability to set great examples to my children I want them to pay if forward too but I want them to also hit the sack the difference between being a giving person and being an idiot This brings me to my independence in life. I am such a strong minded person, very train guide oned so I know what I want and I know exactly what Ineed to do to get to where I need to be, by myself My mother loves the independence in me but she hates the reasoning behind wherefore Im so independent. That reason would be because I adoptt want to end up like her shes so dependent on my stepfather that she has absolutely nothing on her own Her startle car came from him the first time she moved into her own place was because of him, the new house the clothes on her back, the shoes on her feet, down to the food she eats. I slangt want that for myself in any way. My fear is that if I allow someone to do anything in any form for me that they will throw it in my reckon later. While my mother admires this quality about me my fianc hates it so much. Hes constantly fighting me not because he has nothing else to do but because he wants to do more. However along with the fear of having what was done thrown in my face another fear is to allow myself to comply with someone else doing something for me and they arent able to later than I feel like I set myself up for failure. This aspect of my life is revolved around issues of trust in my opinion. I know that I have trust issues I am eternally afraid of being hurt in some way whether it be because I was allow down or because my heart was broken. My world is great and everything is exactly the way it should be until someone else tries to help. This is what one would call self-serving bias. Self-serving bias plays an extremely major part of mine and anyone elses life we would all love to believe were a super hero all of the time, but when something goes prosti tute have you ever you ever seen the super hero take the blame? Never that is the sidekicks job The concept of self-serving bias has undefendable my eyes up to taking more responsibility for my own actions and stop using the actions of others to feel better about a situation that has gone wrong. This is why now I feel that I have an internal locus of control I believe that I am what influence the ripple topic of the events of my life. My actions have reaction weather I like the reactions or not they are still because of me and no one elseAttitudes and feelingsConfirmation bias influences the perception of yourself and the people around me because we all want what we believe to be true Take this for example my mother doesnt very much care for my fianc she doesnt unfeignedly have a reason, because he does everything that he is supposed to do and more sure we have an argument here and there but to her its abusive. So she saysthing like this See I told you he doesnt care about anyon e but himself, look at how he speaks to you he doesnt care. I explain to her that its unfair to say that about him especially when things were said in the heat of the moment. Confirmation bias can destroy you because you are always looking for the next thing to support your beliefs. My sister thought that her husband was cheating with my cousin, (this was not true) so everything that my brother in law and cousin did together it was inappropriate and because they were sleeping together. I tried so many times to tell her that they werent sleeping with one another but she had it in her head that they were so much that she actually pushed them together (self-fulfilling prophecy). She pushed and pushed so much that the untrue theory became true. I was hurt for her when this happened because these beliefs ended up generating their own confirmation. Behaviors influence carriage in so many ways, each day of my life behaviors influence my attitude. My step brother for example to me his beh avior is very perverted is says things about my little sisters that he should not referencing the rear ends and other parts of their bodies as well as mine extremely inappropriate this behavior influences my attitude towards him because I dont trust him as a result, I dont want him around any of our sisters, or my infant daughter, I dont even trust him around my son My attitude toward him is extremely negative and I hate when hes around.Another way that behavior touch attitude is through imitating your parents because the attitudes and beliefs of your parents have a strong impact on your life later. The topic of exhibiting the behavior of my parents brings me to gender roles. Our gender roles are defined by our own conceptions of being a male or female. Social influenceIn certain situations I am willing to conform to a degree, but I am not willing to conform completely for an entire group to make it easier on the group. I enjoy being an individual I never want to blend in with the crowd I always want to stand out. I know this because at work there are so many groups of people who only want to hang out with that group of people they are all so caught up with whos doing what and why that they completely lose focus of why we are even at work in the first place. I on the other handdont feel that I have the time for that its childish so I am all about my work and nothing else When our locating Master comes around they will all scrabble to go back to work or act as if they are working so that they wont get into trouble A person of authority influences obedience because the authority figure has the power to discipline.The foot in the door technique is one that is used in my profession a lot when the new comers come on to the job a co-worker will began to ask for small favors and those small favors turn into large favors. I have used this technique in new relationships to see just how far I can get him to go for me. I will change in the presence of others depending on who the person is if its an elder I wont swear, if its a jr. group of my peers I will relax more but it really depends on the group. When working with groups there are always slackers in the group they do the least expecting the same amounts of credit. This is something that I have struggled with in school and in work because its completely unfair to the group. This is called being senseless and being lazy is completely unattractive.Factors that attract me to someone are whether or not they are intellectually stimulating to me, smart, fun loving, easy going, handsome, tall, and has a great sense of humor. Thats not to say that whats attractive to me is attractive to the next person. Just because they are attractive doesnt mean that everything is going to be great there may be some conflict and in resolving conflict you must talk it out, speaking on your concerns and try using the I coiffe saying how you feel as oppose to the blame game because no one will be receptive to that

Glaxo Pakistan

Table of Contents INTRODUCTION As per Jim Collins, *V*ery few have a expertness of going from Good to Great. M each companies strive to be the best in the market. Most never succeed. Many do so only temporarily and subsequently lose their position through misunderstanding how they got there and what is needed to stay there. http//www. roi-ally. com/BPE_vol1. htm Therefore in nine to maintain the assembly line position and to direct its future needs, peer slight requires an accurate analytic thinking of the reality of the personal credit line situation and de margeine its pecuniary health.This is rather complicated yet necessary for keeping angiotensin-converting enzymes financial affairs clean and sustains the faces growth. Recognizing the moance of the above subject matter, I choose topic 8 for my interrogation hide i. e. An analysis of the financial situation of your choice of musical arrangement. The familiarity selected for this purpose is **GlaxoSmithKline Pakist an Limited**, besides referred to as GSK or The Company. REASON FOR CHOOSING THE TOPICTopic inherent selection is ground on a number of factors which derived me towards selecting this topic for my thesis in comparability to other(a) topics specified in research and analysis project guidelines. sideline ar the few reasons for choosing the said topic Relevance to the Current profession While training in the Financial Advisory Services Department of Deloitte Pakistan, I got various opportunities to explore antithetic sectors and industries. This has equip me with strong interpretational and analytical skills which helped me to work effectively on the said topic. Future AssistanceThe pharmaceutical fabrication provides a lot of financial analysis opportunities because of the complexity of its ope ration. This complicated structure enabled me to make make check understand and practically apply theoretical knowledge and be better equipped to under maneuver off financial an alysis in my future c argonr. Importance in ACCA Financial analysis is one of the hygienic-nigh important topics tested in ACCA examinations. I personally feel that it is an interesting topic which has a practical application. Moreoer, it enabled me to utilize my IT skills and the knowledge that I gained from my studies.COMPANY AND SECTOR Industry Pakistan has a very spirited and forward looking Pharma Industry. It has ab turn up 500 pharmaceutical manufacturing units including those operated by 25 multinationals present in the country. It has shown progressive growth all over the last one decade and now meets around 70% of the countrys demand of Finished Medicine. The industry has invested substantially to upgrade itself in the last few accessible classs and today mass of the industry is honouring Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), in accordance with the interior(prenominal) as well as international Guidance.The industry has the capacity to manufacture a course of yield ranging from simple pills to sophisticated Biotech, Oncology and Value Added Generic compounds. http//www. ppma. org. pk/ The Company History There are quadruple major companies in the history of GSK Burroughs Wellcome & Company, Glaxo Laboratories, Beecham and SmithKline and French. GlaxoSmithKline Pakistan Limited was created on January beginning(a) 2002 through the merger of the aforementioned companies operating separately in Pakistan. Today GSK is standing as one of the largest pharmaceutical gild of the world.Business As a leading international pharmaceutical familiarity, GSK is dedicated towards global healthcare and believes it to be ethically important and a key to its personal credit line success. GSK Pakistans primary activities are manufacturing, import, export and marketing of research-based pharmaceutical and consumer healthcare products. It operates mainly in two industry segments Pharmaceuticals (prescription drugs and vaccines) and consumer healthcare (over -the-counter- medicines, oral care and nutritional care). Market destinyGSK Pakistan limited holds a major market manage in monetary value of products, asset base, revenue and innovation. It produces 5 brands among the 10 top brands of the pharmaceutical products in the market. It is the maiden company in Pakistans pharmaceutical industry which reached the revenue of Rs 10 Billion and reliablely holds 18. 33% of the total volume of the pharmaceutical product traded in Pakistan. Products GSK has a large products portfolio ranging from tablets, toothpaste, inhalers to complex capsules, in over 28,000 different pack sizes and presentations.Principally GSK produces antibiotics, respiratory, dermatological, gastro-intestinal, metabolic, analgesics, central nervous system (CNS) products and vaccines. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Objectives and milestones are of crucial importance for any activity and are the core of its success, or failure. Setting an objective before initiating the project p rovides the required directions and assists in anticipating its result. This make-up aims to evaluate and assess the financial & affair position of GlaxoSmithKline Pakistan Limited for financial socio-economic class ended December 30, 2008.This will be achieved by the following three key tools Vertical Analysis It deals with the more or less sophisticated technique for analyzing the financial statements which is ratio analysis, also known as course analysis. This analysis will be conducted to compare GSKs latest year writ of execution with its previous stopovers under four broad categories i. e. Profitability, Short margin Solvency, Liquidity and Efficiency, Long Term Solvency and stability & Market ratios. Within each category different ratios would be calculated depending upon their significance and appropriateness. horizontal AnalysisFor a more meaningful and judicious picture of the entitys position it is compared with its rival within the industry. by this horizontal or competitor analysis, GSKs current year performance is judge against its major competitor Sanofi Aventis. This analysis is conducted by the use of financial ratios in the same four broad categories. Business Analysis Business analysis is a well-established means of thinking critically about an entity, its re ancestors and its environment. This analysis aims to evaluate GSKs performance not only from the financial perspective scarcely its business as a whole.This will be achieved by the use of technique videlicet gussy up (Strength, Weaknesses, and Opportunities & Threat) analysis and by conducting a habitual analysis of business mellowedlighting its major performance area. Future Prospects This report will also highlight the companys future objective and strategies and assess its bond with GSKs vision and purpose of existence. INFORMATION GATHERING Information is a source of learning. exactly unless it is organized, processed, and available to the right people in a format f or decision making, it is a burden, not a benefit. William PollardAny course of reach that generates a successive message can be considered as a source of information. Information can be gathered from virtually anywhere only ideal information is that, which when used, adds value. suitablety this in mind, I exploited the most appropriate and authentic information sources. The major sources used to gather the information are Annual Reports The most reliable source of information is the companys annual report. These not only contain financial statements of an entity but also other information of current and future scenarios which helps in evaluating its performance.Annual Reports of GSK for December 2008 and 2007 and its competitor Sanofi Aventis for the December 2008 were obtained from their websites. Meetings Several idle confrontations were conducted with the management of GSK regarding its business and financial stance. I also managed to have meeting with senior associates at Deloitte who had an experience of conducting audit of Abbott Laboratories (Pakistan) Limited. They provided me guidance to conduct the business analysis and industry knowledge, to facilitate me in achieving my goals effectively. meshworkInternet proved to be one of the strongest sources which enhanced the frequency and quality of information gathered during the project. The official website of GlaxoSmithKline Pakistan Limited (http//www. gsk. com. pk) assisted to assemble constructive information for its better understanding which helped in scrutinizing the companys financial performance. Additionally, different quotes and definitions were gathered from Google Search Engine. Articles The Article published in Student Accountant by ACCA, How to come on Performance Appraisal Questions? by Steve Scott from May 2006 issue, helped in the interpretation of the financial position of GlaxoSmithKline Pakistan Limited. ACCA Study text editions The study texts of ACCA Paper F7 and P2, P3, C AT Paper T6 published by BPP and FTC, were the helpful resources in gathering definitions and interpretations of ratios and conducting business analysis. Financial Analysis Financial analysis is an aspect of the overall business financial position that involves examining historical and competitor info to gain information about the current and future financial health of a company. ttp//www. enotes. com/small-business-encyclopedia/financial-analysis Comparison with the anterior periods (Vertical analysis) and with the competitor (horizontal analysis) in the form of ratios assists an organization in taking appropriate measures for improving its financial credibility. Vertical Analysis Trend or vertical analysis is an aspect of technical analysis that evaluates the current performance of the company employ the past data. It is based on the idea that what has happened in the past bequeaths traders an idea of what will happen in the future. ttp//www. investopedia. com/. This analysis is through with(p) under four broad ratio categories discussed below Profitability Ratios RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE) The primary measure of proceedsability is normally considered to be ROCE. It is the ratio which measures the relationship between the sizes of the moolah figure relevant to size of the business. (Student Accountant May 2006) ROCE of the company has reached at a aim of 36. 84% in 2008, which is a growth of 4% from 2007 32. 89% that had reduced by 2. 29% compare to 2006 (35. 18%).This enlarge in 2008 was mainly payable to the rise in net correctment of 17% in comparison to FY 2007. Whereas, in the year 2007, the ontogeny in noncurrent liabilities by 40. 65% (in comparison to 2006) caused a extraction in its ROCE. d lovesome effectuate GROSS PROFIT MARGIN (GP %) The gross profit margin ratio tells us the profit a business makes on its damage of sales. GP% of GSK was 28. 77% in the year 2008 which demonstrated a downward trend, since the recorded margi n in the year 2007 was 37. 25% and 38. 33% in 2006 respectively. Despite of the rise in the sales revenue by 26% in 2008, GSKs GP% has decreased.This was due to the drastic add-on in its cost of sales by 43. 38% over 2007 (which was particularly due to the rise in raw material & commodities prices), whereas there was no result increase in its sales prices (because of no increase in drug prices sanctioned by the government since 2001). The same reason was observed in the year 2007 which squeezed its GP% by 1. 08% over 2006, regardless of the increase in its net sales by 5. 6%. draw shut in NET POFIT MARGIN (NP %) A change in the net profit margin is a measure of how well a company has controlled its overheads. Student Accountant- May 2006) NP% of GSK has shown a declining trend by an comely of approximately 1% per year during the three years periods. It was 15. 74% in 2007 but decreased to 14. 59% in the year 2008. However, this reduction was not in the same proportion as of gross profit, due to the increase in other operating income by 100. 15% (which is 65. 46% of the net profit) and tighter control of company on its expenses during the year. In the year 2007 the NP% decreased by 0. 76% from 16. 50 in 2006, nonetheless indicating no major variation. draw shape plus TURNOVERThe asset utilization ratio (sales/net assets) shows how efficiently the assets are being used to generate sales. (ACCA P3 BPP Study Text) Asset turnover of GSK was 1. 26 clock in 2008, which was an increase of 22% from 2007. This was due to an increase in sales by 26% from 2007 and the raise in fixed assets by 4. 54% (which was because of the uppercase investment of 646 million made by the company, the major portion of which was spend on facility improvement, rationalization and upgrading its plant) that resulted in the improvement of its assets turnover. However, in the year 2007 it declined by 3% from 1. 7 periods in 2006 to 1. 04 times, which was due to the increase in total asset s by 7. 63%. draw swan RETURN ON fair play (ROE) ROE is the amount of net income returned as a percentage of shareholders equity. It measures an entitys profitability by revealing how much profit a company generates with the notes shareholders have invested. http//www. investopedia. com/ ROE of GSK was 23. 4% in the year 2008 that was 2. 82% higher(prenominal) than 2007, which was because of the boost of 17. 04% in its net profits figure. In the financial year 2007, it slightly dropped by 1. 32% from 22. 9% in 2006 to 20. 58%. The issued third estate stock (Bonus Shares) in FY 2007 resulted in its equity enlargement by 7. 7% over 2006, accordingly decelerating its ROE. drawframe Short Term Solvency, Liquidity and Efficiency CURRENT RATIO Current ratio measures a companys ability to pay its short-term obligations. www. investopedia. com The current ratio of GSK was 4. 221 in 2006 further declining to 4. 271 and 4. 111 in 2007 and 2008 respectively. Although there have been a rai se in current assets by 5. 98% but current liabilities are increased in a greater proportion i. e. y 10% during 2008, thus decelerating GSKs current ratio by 4% from 2007. Whereas, the decrease of 15% from 2006 to 2007 in current ratio was due to 3. 3% rise in the companys current liabilities. Although there have been no drastic changes in current assets figure over the three year period, however, it comprises almost 34% of cash and swan balance, signaling towards ineffective cash management. drawframe QUICK RATIO The quick ratio measures the companys ability to meet its short-term obligations with its most liquid assets. It shows better liquidity position than current ratio. ww. investopedia. com The quick ratio of GSK has decreased from 3. 13 in FY 2006 to 2. 98 in FY 2007 to 2. 31 in FY 2008. In the year 2008 GSKs quick ratio has declined in a greater proportion than its current ratio, indicating cash being stuck in stock in trade which can be seen by an increase of 53% in stock in trade figure over 2007. This implies the company has made high investment in less liquid assets which resulted in the increase of its cash operating cycle. Therefore there is a need to restrain any further increase in its entry level.In the year 2007, inventory only increased by 7%, indicating no substantial change. drawframe ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE COLLECTION PERIOD (In Days) It is a measure of the average number of years that a company takes to collect revenue from its customers later a sale has been made. www. investopedia. com Account receivable collection period of GSK had radically increased from 4 age in the year 2007 to 27 days in 2008, which was caused by 770% increase in its accounts receivables (mainly because of high receivable on government tenders) over 2007.Although, this resulted in the augmented sales turnover but it also raised doubtful debt provision from 2. 9 million in 2007 to 4. 6 million in 2008. However, no epochal rise was observed in receivable collect ion period days of 3. 06 days in FY06 from FY07. drawframe ACCOUNTS PAYABLE PAYMENT PERIOD (In Days) It is used to calculate the average number of days that a business takes to pay off its creditors. www. investopedia. com Account payable days of GSK have decreased by 22 days from 93 days in FY 2007 to 71 days in FY 2008. This sudden decline was due to the increase of 43. 8% in cost of goods sold, which is fairly less in comparison to the 9. 94% rise in trade and other payables. However, in FY 2007 the 7% increase in COGS was in proportion to the 6. 25% raise in trade and other payables, resulting in no considerable change in the year 2007 in comparison to 94 days of its preceding year 2006. drawframe Long Term Solvency and stability Ratios GEARING (Long Term Debt / Equity) Gearing is a general term describing a financial ratio which compares some form of owners equity (or capital) to borrowed silver.It is a measure of financial leverage, demonstrating the degree to which a firms a ctivities are funded by owners funds versus creditors funds. Financial gearing ratio of GSK is not significantly important as it has remained below 1% in the 3 year period from 2006 to 2008. Gearing ratio for FY 2008 and FY 2007 is 0. 25% and 0. 29%, which are relatively better in comparison to 0. 88% for the financial year 2006. This indicates that the company is highly dependent on its familiar cash flow generation system and holds a stable financial position.Therefore, it currently and subsequently would have no problem to borrow funds but at present, it does not seem to rely on the strategy of generating finance through debt. drawframe INTEREST COVER It is a ratio that indicates how galore(postnominal) times a company can skip its interest charges on a pretax basis. Failing to meet these obligations could force a company into bankruptcy. www. investopedia. com Interest cover of GSK had declined by 191 times being at 40. 05 times in FY 2008 in comparison to 231. 18 times in FY 2007 which was an increase of 93. 92 times in comparison to 137. 5 times in FY 2006. One of the major reasons for this drastic decline in the interest cover in 2008 is because of the rise in financial charges of GSK, which rose because of the foreign exchange losses occurred during the year by the company. This depicts an inefficient FOREX risk management for importing of raw material and exports of its products. While in the year 2007 exchange losses are apparently low compared to the other two years. drawframe Market Ratio EARNING PER SHARE (EPS) EPS is the portion of a companys profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock.Earnings per share serve as an indicator of a companys profitability. www. investopedia. com EPS of GSK had increased from 9. 79 per share in 2007 to 11. 46 per share in FY 2008, but it was lower as compared to 12. 19 per share of 2006. The increase in the current year (FY 2008) is due to vigorous 17. 04% increase in net profit in comparison to th e profit of FY 2007 however no further shares issue was made during the year. Whereas, the decline in FY 2007 was due to the issue of common shares (bonus shares) which expanded the companys common stock by 25% but net profit remained almost same as of FY 2006. drawframe PRICE EARNING RATIO (P/E) A valuation ratio of a companys current share price compared to its per-share earnings. It is calculated as Market Value/ share shared by Earning per share. www. investopedia. com P/E ratio of GSK has decreased by 13. 03 to 6. 63 in the FY 2008 compare to the FY 2007, but in 2007 it increased by 19. 66 compared to the 12. 81 of FY 2006. The decrease observed in the year 2008 was because of the undervalued share price and improvement in the EPS during the year. The market price of the share in Dec 2008 was Rs. 75. 9 (Dec07 Rs. 192. 4) and the earning per share was Rs. 1. 46 (Dec07 Rs. 9. 79). The low P/E ratio will result in the high expectations of investors for the potential rise in share prices. The stock prices were loosely low due to economic recession in the country and fragile moves of the investors at the stock exchange. The increase in P/E ratio during 2007 was due to decrease in EPS by 20% over 2006. drawframe DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO (DPO) Dividend payout ratio is the percentage of earnings paid to shareholders as dividends. www. investopedia. com Dividend payout ratio of the company is depicting a growing trend. Its DPO in the FY 2008 reached to 82. % from 76. 6% in FY 2007, i. e. approximately an increase of 6%. This was due to a raise in net profit by 17%, consequently meeting its investors expectation. Whilst the payout ratio of GSK indicates that it was able cover 65. 6% of the total profit in FY 2006. However GSK retained 23. 4% and 32. 4% of its net profits in the year 2007 and 2006 respectively, since heavy capital expenditure was incurred within these two years, which was financed by its retained earnings. drawframe Horizontal Analysis Knowing your cu stomer is critical, but knowing your competition can be even more valuable.Better knowledge of rivals proffers a legitimate source of competitive advantage, horizontal analysis commonly known as competitor analysis is used for that purpose. This analysis tends to evaluate the entitys standing in comparison to the other companies within the industry. It is not vital that the companies within the same industry are direct competitors (which can be seen in the case of GSK & Sanofi Aventis hereinafter referred to as SA) even then they would be expected to broadly demonstrate similar performance, in terms of growth. (ACCAP3).The Horizontal analysis of GSK is done within the same categories of trend analysis. Profitability Ratios Profitability ratios of GSK are better than that of SA. The huge conflict in the profit margin of these two corporations is due to the conflict in their size. Gross profit margin of the GSK is 28. 77%, which is 4. 48% better than that of SA. GSKs vast product ra nge allows it to purchase and produce in bulk, hence reducing its overall cost. On the other hand, SA manufactures low volumes of products which increase its ordering cost and consequently raise its cost of production. Net profit margin of GSK is 14. 9% while that of SA is 0. 88% in the FY 2008. This difference of 13. 71% indicates that excessive non production cost of SA is squeezing its net profit. As a consequence low ROCE of SA of 15. 36% is witnessed in comparison to GSKs 36. 84%. SAs asset turnover of 1. 46 times indicates that it has utilized its assets 0. 2 times more efficiently than GSK to generate sales revenue. Short Term Solvency, Liquidity and Efficiency The current ratio of GSK for FY 2008 is 4. 11 and of SA is 0. 98. Since SAs current ratio is less than 1, it is can lead to the difficulty in fulfilling its short term obligations.SAs liquidity problems can be witnessed from its short term borrowings covering 48% of the total Current Liabilities. Conversely, Current ra tio of GSK is high showing signs of over capitalization. Additionally, cash and bank balances of GSK are 34 % of its total current assets which indicates weak working capital management. Quick Ratio of SA and GSK is 0. 2 and 2. 25 respectively. This enormous difference from the current ratios of these companies highlights the possibility of investment in assets which are less liquid.The inventory (stock in trade) of the SA is almost 62% of its total current assets while GSK holds around 44% of its current assets. SA has kept a stringent control over its working capital while GSKs policy seems much more relaxed with its creditors and Debtors. These relaxed terms could be one of the reasons which helped GSK in increasing its Sales revenue by 26% in FY 2008 from FY 2007. SA, in contrast, has less receivable collection days and increased payable payment days. Hence SA is better at controlling its cash conversion. Long Term Solvency and stability RatiosBoth the companies hold stable posi tions in the circumstance of extensive term solvency. Gearing ratios are not significant as these are less than 1% in both the companies. Interest cover of 40. 05 times shows a sound financial position. Finance cost occurred by GSK mainly consist of the foreign exchange losses borne by the company in importing the raw material. While SA has interest cover of 0. 51 times due to the high finance cost on short term borrowing. Market Ratios The huge difference in EPS of GSK and SA is due to their different profitability position.Moreover GSK has a high payout ratio of approximately 83% as compared to 35. 28% of SA. NAV of SA is 2. 5 times higher than GSK particularly due to the high number of equity shares (common stock) issued, which is also reflected in its share price. SA currently has a share price of Rs. 211 and GSKs shares are of Rs. 75. 94/share respectively. SAs P/E ratio of 53. 18 indicates low earnings and high market price of its shares. This is a source of concern indicati ng that its shares are overvalued. Conversely, GSKs P/E ratio of 6. 63, highlights that its shares are currently undervalued. Business AnalysisThe business performance analysis of GSK will be carried out using SWOT analysis and by general discussion of its business practices. SWOT SWOT analysis is fundamentally about discovering what a company does well, how it could improve, whether it is making the most out of the available opportunities and whether there are any changes in the market that call for corresponding changes in the business. http//www. bnet. com/2410-13240_23-66478. html Strengths The largest pharmaceutical company in Pakistan. The initial company in Pakistans pharmaceutical industry that crossed Rs 10 billion sales mark.Produces 269 varieties of products, out of which Augmentin, Amoxil, Panadol, Ventolin and Ampiclox are among the top 10 pharmaceutical Rx products of Pakistan. The sales revenue of Augmentin and Amoxil reached to PKR2bn and PKR1bn in 2008. Betnovate i s its leading brand by volume. Segment leadership in antibiotics, respiratory products, anti-malaria, gastrointestinal (GI), derma and hepatitis products, vaccines and anti helmentic medicaments. Stood at 1st position in poster competition of International Clinical Operations, Community of Practice Meetings.Awarded with corporate philanthropic award certificate in 2008 by Pakistan Centre for Philanthropy. Contributes to social welfare by running various charitable programs with leading NGOs in Pakistan such as Pakistan field of study Forum, National Children Human ontogenesis on womens health, concern for Children trust and the trust for health and medical sciences. Awarded as Best place to work-2008 by a leading HR consultancy in association with Pakistan Society for Human Resource Management. Committed to innovation by developing medicines through its global R effort.Weaknesses referable to high cost of importing raw material for medicines, GSK faces strong competition from low- cost generic equivalents. Ineffective foreign exchange currency contracts resulted in the increase of exchange losses (financial charges) for the current year. Strict labor laws and a corporate income tax rate, makes it difficult for GSK to operate. Weak cash management. Opportunities Potential for growth in the domestic market. Sector modernization initiatives will create expansion opportunities. Cut of import duties were made by the government on Pharmaceutical products.This will increase the import of products and motivate foreign involvement in respect of the investment, raw material purchase and technology transfer. Prospective increase in exports of medicines is possible as currently, Pakistan is graded among the top eight leading exporters of herbal medicine. Threats Significant counterfeit drug industry. Domestic patent law is below international standards. Illegal copying, counterfeiting and law enforcement is go on to present significant problems for the international ph armaceutical companies operating in Pakistan.Rising numbers of generics is a major barrier to multinational investment. Increasing inflationary trends without consequent increases in the prices of drugs. Exposed to foreign exchange currency risk as the company is highly dependent on import of raw materials. Slow enrolment process for approving new formulae for medicine thus hampering its access. More about GSK The Vision The opportunity to make a difference to the lives of billions of people GSK states that they are alive(predicate) of the work they do to improve the quality of peoples lives. It takes pride in this and is committed to produce products that benefit patients.It is committed towards improving and implementing the healthcare programs in Pakistan, particularly the area of preventive healthcare and vaccines remains essential and explicit. GSK is the worlds leading developer and manufacturer of vaccines. In order to evaluate the alignment of companys activities with its vision, I have conducted the business analysis under the following heads Market Eminence GSK has always remained a strong wing of the pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan. It has managed to maintain a consistent growth in demand of different vaccines, antibiotics, dermatology, gastro intestinal & cardio vascular portfolios.GSK has a wide distribution network, it sell its products to wholesale drug distributors, hospitals, government entities and other institutions, hence covering almost the whole pharmaceutical market. It produces 7 out of 20 top brands in the pharmaceutical industry of the country. It was as awarded The most preferred pharmaceutical company of the year. It is the market leader of pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan. Quality Management Quality in the Pharmaceutical industry is of significant importance. Due to the sensitive nature of industry, strict quality parameters are set by the regulatory bodies for pharmaceutical companies.GSK is one of the few companies whic h not only follow the quality standard set locally but also practice international quality standards. It was reward with the prestigious Corporate Excellence Award by Management Association of Pakistan (MAP). This was presented after independent evaluation of quality of management practices followed by GSK including corporate governance practices, marketing planning, production, R, corporate social responsibility and scarce financial performance. GSK has always set high quality standards in the industry.It has recently introduced quality management system and is conducting workshops for its successful implementation. It has also installed one of the fastest subway system filling and cartooning machines for its production efficiency and is continually advancing towards improvement in products quality and productivity. Research & Developments GlaxoSmithKline, Pakistan (GSKP) Limited is the largest research-based pharmaceutical company in the country and the second largest in the worl d. It has recently conducted 19 Phase-II and III studies in therapeutic areas of Oncology, Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Metabolic and Hematology.It got 1st Position in poster competition in International Clinical Operations, Community of Practice Meeting held in Bangkok. Its R departments 10 team members were presented with Gold Awards and Certificate of Recognition by CMD. It spends globally around US $ 14 million on research and development each day. The Company has consistently launched new products. Sensodyne Total Care and Sensodyne cushy Mouthwash launched with unique formulation are its recent addition. Overall, it has supported the Pharma industry of by introducing low cost and quality pharmaceutical products. Employees DevelopmentGSK is well known for being one of the most preferred employers. It has been awarded as Best place to work in 2008 by a leading HR consultancy in association with Pakistan Society for Human Resource Management. International Day of Disability was c elebrated at GSK, showing its strong believes in equal opportunity employment. Its HR team recently launched a new initiative titled Mentoring, which provides guidance and assistance for developing talent. It also conducted a learning fair in 4 major cities of Pakistan, which offers a diverse range of courses for employees development and learning exposure.In order to promote and give a chance to new talent, its HR team visited 14 Universities during its recruitment process. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) GSK believes that corporate social responsibility is an integral and embedded part of its business. It is sincerely involved in the community work and in various charitable projects in Pakistan and around the world. It works under the context of various health, women and child development, education, and relief programmers at pasturage root level.In 2008 GSK has been rewarded with a corporate philanthropy award in recognition of its support for the social development causes in Pakistan. It is the major corporate bestower for numerous NGOs and also a member of the National Commission for Human Development (NCHD). As a movement to its corporate social responsibility GSK Pakistan has introduced 1st of its kind, value health card. The card will be issued solely on the prescription of doctors, for those who cannot afford pharmaceutical products at their standard retail prices. Environment, Health and golosh (EHS)Environment, health and safety are major concerns for GSK. It continually works towards improving peoples health and safety and for developing environment friendly products. It has standard Environment Excellence Award (AEEA 2008) and EHS Excellence Awards in recognition to its good environmental practices. It has installed low-cost engineering solution (glove box), which reduced OEL level by 40%. Business Continuity Plan desktop exercise was also conducted at all of its sites. CONCLUSION GSK leads the industry in terms of value, volume and mark et shares.It has managed to improve the quality of human life along with showing consistency and stability in its overall business growth. This reports objective, to assess the financial and business position of GSK, was achieved in four key areas. This report aims to analyze the financial and business position of GSK over the three year period from 2006 to 2008. In the context of aforementioned objectives this report concludes Business GSKs overall business performance is in line with its mission and is contributing towards its strategic objective.Due to its presence in the country since 1955, it has managed to build strong business foundation and is able to maintain consistent growth in the market. It has excelled in the field of Research and Development by introducing new products covering various generics, ensuring employees satisfaction by providing better environment to work, expanding its operation through empowerment of diverse product portfolio, contributing towards corpora te social responsibility by capturing tasks to work for the social health and safety, education and environment friendliness and most importantly being profitable, depicts its strong businesses practices.Financial Trend GSK Pakistan has managed to give better financial results in the current year 2008 as compared to the FY 2007, which identifies its financial stability and further growth prospects. Even though the returns (ROCE & ROE) in the current year have improved but its profit margins (GP% & NP %) have depicted a declining trend, which was a result of raise in its revenue expenditure (COGS, Admin, S and Financial expenses).However it can be witnessed that the company has remained focused on continuous improvement in its business processes and sustained its investment in its product & promotion to offset the negative impact on margins through productivity improvement and sales growth. Although the company was not able to perform well in the year 2007 in comparison to its preced ing year 2006, but it was able still able to deliver a stable financial performance having no major threats. This decrease in its financial position during the year was mainly due to the increase in inflation and depreciation in rupee that affected its operating margin negatively.Moreover the capital expenditure made during the year caused a decline in its profitability ratios, but its benefit will be obtained in the later years. The company has always provided sound investment returns which can be seen by consistent growth in its payout ratio. In the year 2007, GSK anticipate bonus issue of 14 when it declared lower dividends, thus retaining its investors trust and being a reliable company for all of its stakeholders. contenders ComparisonDue to its larger asset base, vast product portfolio, global presence and skilled research & development function GSK has a natural edge over its competitor Sanofi Aventis. Overall GSKs financial performance is better than its competitor in th e FY 2008. Almost all of the ratios calculated under the four broad heads, shows that GSK is giving better returns and incurring less cost. Profitability ratios of the GSK show a better picture than that of Sanofi Aventis, with the exception of Asset efficiency which shows a better utilization of assets by Sanofi to generate revenues.Liquidity position of both the companies is stable apart from the huge investments that were stuck in the stock in trade. Higher EPS and low P/E ratio of GSK shows that there is a potential for rise in its share price of the Company, in comparison to the overvalued shares of SA resulted in high P/E ratio. Future Prospects The company can be seen as being committed to respond to the challenges of the operating environment and continues to seek opportunities to drive growth in its vivacious portfolio. It has a good pipeline of innovative new medicines together with the sustained availability of existing products.However, the pharmaceutical industry, in w hich GSK exists, has ample of barriers such as high inflationary environment without general price relief, which makes it difficult to manage its business operations. The company has a great potential for growth, but its sustained success depends on the industrys regulatory environment, that should be able to balance the interest of the company with the need of affordable healthcare. APPENDIcES APPENDIX 1 BALANCE SHEETS (GSK) drawframe APPENDIX 2 PROFIT & qualifying STATEMENTS (GSK) drawframe APPENDIX 3 BALANCE SHEETS (SA) drawframe APPENDIX 4 PROFIT & LOSS STATEMENTS (SA) drawframe APPENDIX 4 RATIOS FORMULAE drawframe APPENDIX 5 RATIOS CALCULATIONS drawframe Key Skill Statement Skill and knowledge Statement is the testimonial which includes the compilation of key factors learned during the course this project. This part of report includes following What did you learn from the meetings with your project mentor, including the presentation that you gave to your project mentor? How w ell do you think that you have answered your research query(s)?How have you demonstrated your interpersonal and communication skills during the project work? How has undertaking the RAP helped you in your accountancy studies and/or current employment role? Choosing a Mentor In accordance with the guidelines, I was required to hold three meetings with my mentor. Working as a trainee in one of the big four audit firms, made the task of locating a mentor quite easy. Mr. Qayam Karim Maknojia (ACA from Institute of Chartered Accountant of Pakistan), Manager in Financial Advisory Services at Deloitte Touche Tomastu, agreed to occupy the role of my mentor.I choose Mr. Qayam as my mentor because of his vast knowledge and experience in the field of advisory and audit. Meetings Planning all the meetings before hand ensured their smooth running, and enable maximum to be achieved in the shortest time. Meeting 1 Due to time constraint and workload, first meeting took place at 7 pm, Wednesday 16 th September, 2009 at our clients office. In order to get most out of the 1st meeting, I had performed all the background work and shortlisted two topics, topic 8 and Topic 20 for the purpose of this report.I also selected the potential organizations that I was willing to use for each respective topic, but before making the final decision I decided to consult Mr. Qayam. after discussing number of issues the exchangeable learning potential and merits of each topic I decided to underpin my research report on Topic 8, business and financial analysis of an organization over a three year period. We also discussed the potential sources of information which I could use for the purpose of this report. Due to workload, Mr.Qayam told me that we will hold the next meeting after finalizing the client and asked me to mail him the agenda and progress of the report one week before the meeting. Meeting 2 Second meeting took place at the 630 pm, after office hours, at Deloitte Karachi Office on Th ursday 29th October, 2009. As requested by Mr. Qayam, I e-mailed him the agenda, my uncompleted report and excel generated worksheet one week before the meeting. By then my report consisted of interpretation ratios of the Company and business evaluation aspects with initial data in bullet train points that I was going to use.Mr. Qayam assessed the work that I had performed and pointed out weaknesses and lack of reasoning in my interpretation. He also suggested that I should incorporate a competitor analysis so that a complete financial overview is covered in the report. Furthermore, he also pointed the fact that, it was not feasible to use business model as the data required for them are hard to come by. Instead, he recommended me to take some specific aspect of the companys operations and evaluate their alignment with its vision and strategic objectives.We concluded the meeting and my mentor told me to take as much time as I want, because the deadline for the submission of the rep ort is too far. He asked me to mail him final draft report once I have completed it. Meeting 3 The last meeting was held in the conference board of Deloitte Pakistans Karachi office on Wednesday, 25th November, 2009. I had mailed the final draft report to my mentor around 15 days before the meeting. After receiving his acknowledgment, I prepared presentation on Microsoft PowerPoint 2007 slides to give it a more professional look. I consulted my seniors, as how to make and delivery good quality presentation.Keeping the guidance provided by my seniors in mind, I prepared and rehearsed my presentation several times. I was a bit shaky at the start of the meeting, but my confidence level grew as I proceeded. After the presentation question answer session took place, which was most exciting as my colleagues and mentor tried to challenge my research by asking numerous questions. I was glad that I had prepared myself for this, although I was not able to answer 100% of the questions asked, my mentor and colleagues were satisfied with the work I had performed and effort I gave in preparing this report.Assessment of the demonstration The presentation took place in front of my mentor and my office colleagues. It took me nearly two days to structure and prepare the presentation. After that, I rehearsed the number of times alone to build confidence. The day before the meeting, I gave this presentation in front of my friends, who are MBA professionals so that they can point out any weakness in my communication. At the start of the meeting I distributed, handouts consisting of ratios, competitor analysis and summary of the business performance of the Company.The meeting progressed smoothly throughout the presentation. As I have already informed the listeners that a question answer session will take place after the presentation is over, no interruption occurred in between. In the introduction phase, it was quite clear that most of my colleagues didnt possess any prior knowle dge of GSK Pakistan Limited, so they took a keen interest in the topic. During the Q & A session numbers of questions were asked by my colleagues challenging my research. Most of the questions related to the financial aspects of the Company, like why I chose that particular competitor.Most exciting questions were asked by my mentor, which focused on the business performance and which widen my horizon of analyzing the business. Overall the presentation was effective. I was able to deliver the presentation in the allocated time, although question answer session went longer than I had hoped. After the presentation my overall efforts were appreciated by my colleagues and mentor. Presentation Outline drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe drawframe challenge Questioning is a vital element of effective communication based on any medium. It enhances understand ing, searches for clarification and opinions. There are two basic types of questions ease up questions such as what? Who? Where? The responses they require are in broad terms. Open questions can further be classified in to probing questions and leading questions. Closed question defines a parameter which limits the response of the questioned individual to choices like Yes or No.During the three meeting Questioning formed a significant part of the communication. Through this me and my mentor developed ideas and structured my thoughts which helped me in completing my report. During the question answer session both open and close ended question were asked by the audience, which tested my knowledge rigorously and helped me identifying weakness in the communication process. However, Questioning was two way process. Numerous open ended questions were asked by me, in order to gain better understanding of the work I had to perform and whether I was on the right track or not.Listening As co mmunication are a two way process between sender and a receiver. Listening is the act of decoding the information being received and it forms a fundamental part of a communication process. Listening is as important a characteristic as questioning. Every communication process is open to noise and distortion and the meaning of the message being delivered is altered or lost if they are present. The first meeting held was open to frequent physical noises and distractions. One of my weaknesses that came into light during the 1st meeting was that, I found out to be an impatient listener.I interrupted Mr. Qayam at numerous times when I did not agree with his opinions. scholarship from the 1st meeting other meetings were arranged and timed to avoid interruption. I started to become more patient and listened to my mentor with full concentration and noted down questions which I asked after he has concluded. During my 3rd meeting I notice that some of the audience members were not listening effectively as they asked question which have already be answered during the course of my presentation. Self Evaluation drawgOverall communication process consists of a sender, transmitting a message to the receiver through a communication medium. The process of communication is incomplete and/or ineffective until it is confirmed via feedback, that the receiver understood the intended message. The communication between me and my mentor could be seen by the above communication model. During the course of my project, the overall interaction with my mentor was quite effective. We were able to decode each others message easily and were able to communicate our thoughts properly.Perhaps, one of the reasons for effective communication was the informal relation with him, which allowed me to ask questions without being reluctant. I have used number of channels to communicate with my mentor, E-mail being the most effective medium after face to face conversation. The interaction with my colle agues during the presentation was not effective. Reason for which could be that I was not able to generate their interest. Due to this I had to repeat things over and over again. I was also asked questions, answers for which were already given in the presentation further implying that communication flow was hampered.Being an ACCA Affiliate and recruited recently, as a trainee adviser in Deloitte Pakistan, requirement for sound evaluation and interpretational skills are essential. During the course of this project, it had not only strengthened my academic knowledge I acquired before and furnished my interpretational and data mining skills, but also helped me into developing presentational skills which I lacked. Significant portion of the analysis of GSK was performed using ratio/trend analysis over a three year period ended 2008.In order for the assessment to be systematic and logical these ratios were broken into 4 broad categories so that proper attention would be given to each se ction and no major area was overlooked. To give a more meaning evaluation of the Companys financial performance, I also incorporated, as guided by my mentor, a horizontal or competitor analysis of GSK with Sanofi Aventis. Performing business analysis of GSK was a difficult task, as this analysis required qualitative data in addition to the quantitative data about the Company.After carefully evaluating how to assess the business performance of a company I came to the conclusion that it was not feasible to use business evaluation models for the analyses of GSK as significant internal data was required. I discussed different operations for the company, evaluated whether they aligned with its vision and strategic objectives. Furthermore, I also used a corporate appraisal technique called SWOT analysis. In order to make my findings easy to understand for my mentor, I decided to use as minimum figures as I could and instead relied upon using graphs and interpreting data as a percentage.Mi crosoft Office was extensively used for this and by the end of this research project I was able to navigate around and use advance level options of its applications with ease. According to me, this research and analysis report contains a sound financial and business analysis of GSK Pakistan and fulfills the requirement to Topic of 8 of BSc. guidelines with ease. References Printed Material ACCA Study Text (2008/09) Paper F9 Financial Management. Kaplan Publishing Foulks Lynch ACCA Study Text (2008/09) Paper F7 (INT) Financial Reporting.Kaplan Publishing Foulks Lynch ACCA Study Text (2008/09) Paper P2 (INT) Corporate Reporting. BPP Learning Media Ltd ACCA Study Text (2008/09) Paper P3 Business Analysis. BPP Learning Media Ltd Annual Report (2006), Glaxo SmithKline. Annual Report (2007), Glaxo SmithKline. Annual Report (2008), Glaxo SmithKline. Electronic and Other Material Types BNET. SWOT Analysis http//www. bnet. com/2410-13240_23-66478. html (Visited 05th November 2009) Financial Analysis http//www. enotes. com/small-business-encyclopedia/financial-analysis (Visited 05th November 2009)Introduction http//www. roi-ally. com/BPE_vol1. htm (Visited 05th November 2009) Industry http//www. ppma. org. pk/ (Visited 05th November 2009) Investopedia. Vertical Analysis http//www. investopedia. com/terms/v/vertical_analysis. asp (Visited 05th November 2009) Investopedia. Return on Equity http//www. investopedia. com/terms/r/returnonequity. asp (Visited 05th November 2009) Investopedia. Current Ratio http//www. investopedia. com/terms/c/currentratio. asp (Visited 05th November 2009) Investopedia.Quick Ratio http//www. investopedia. com/terms/q/quickratio. asp (Visited 05th November 2009) Investopedia. Accounts Recievable Collection Period http//www. investopedia. com/terms/a/average_collection_period. asp (Visited 05th November 2009) Investopedia. Accounts Payable Payment Period http//www. investopedia. com/terms/a/accountspayableturnoverratio. asp (Visited 05th November 2009) Investopedia. Interest Cover http//www. investopedia. com/terms/i/interestcoverageratio. asp (Visited 05th November 2009) Investopedia.Earning Per Share http//www. investopedia. com/terms/e/eps. asp (Visited 05th November 2009) Investopedia. Dividend Payout Ratio http//www. investopedia. com/terms/d/dividendpayoutratio. asp (Visited 05th November 2009) William Pollard. Quote (Visited 07th November) http//thinkexist. com/quotation/information_is_a_source_of_learning-but_unless_it/226524. html BIBLIOGRAPHY Electronic and Other Material Types Competitor Websites Novartis Pharma http//www. novartis. com (Visited 05th November 2009) Sanofi-Aventis http//www. anofi-aventis. com. pk (Visited 05th November 2009) Regulators/ Governments Websites Karachi Stock mass meeting http//www. kse. com. pk (Visited 15th November 2009) Pakistan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association http//www. ppma. org. pk (Visited 12th November 2009) Newspaper Websites Business Recorders website http//www. b recorder. com (Visited umteen times) Dawns website http//www. dawn. com (Visited many times) The Financial Daily website http//www. thefinancialdaily. com (Visited many times)

Motivation in the Play Essay

Villains and why they do their mentally illdiey is always justified or explained in any literary work. Even those childhood fairy tales with the baddies formulaic and predictable plague deeds go away always do things that have a purpose or will do those things because they were compelled to do it caused by a negative feeling jealousy, r as yetge, envy, greed, a childhood without someone to love them or support them, etc. William Shakespe ars plays are non an immunity to this case as he even creates characters that are capable of non only of abuse they embody evil in their totality as a personif you may call them that.An example of this would be Iago, touted as the most villainous of all villains in the literary world because of the simple understanding that he was guiltless, conscienceless and definitely purposeless in his strategic deeds that destroyed Othello and the people close to the tragic hero. This analysis will focus on this villain and scrutinize his character, vill ainy and most of all, his purpose (or the lack thereof) on why he did the things he has done that aimlessly shutdowned to other peoples lives.In fact, there is already an answer to this query for Iago is just plain evil, nothing less and definitely more. His motivation lies in the fact that he wants to end other peoples happiness and takes simple delight in causing other people pain and grief which makes him not just a villain save a very mysterious and most terrifying one. In Othello, the Moor of Venice, a patchs capacity to do evil is magnified as Iago is overcome with rage as Othello gives a position to another(prenominal) less qualified man that was originally intended for Iago.Iago takes this in difficult and plots against Othello, a Moor in Venice that holds such high position, influential power and great riches. Iago uses jealousy to destroy Othello and the people around him by making it turn out that Othellos loyal wife, Desdemona, is having an affair with another man. In rage, Othello kills his own wife and when he existentizes that it was all Iagos evil plan, he kills himself out of grief and guilt. Iago confesses to no one and does not explain his actions instead, he keeps mum about what he has done and the purpose in them.Thus, as the play concludes, it is only the audience who are witnesses to Iagos malice and the extent of his wickednessbut there is a possibility that Iago also leads the audience into believing that they know the entire truth when in fact, he has been dishonest the whole time to everyoneeven that of the audience. Iago acts as the villain in the play even if he was not really the one who did the bad deeds. He is the sole villain because he was the master plotter in the whole thing that even innocent people like Roderigo and Emilia were implicate as bad people when they were not wholly that capable of evil.Roderigo and Emilia were simply pawns to his plans and he used them and easily discarded them. In the book of Dobbs & c ome up entitled The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare, they sum up the villainy of Iago (and pretty much, the entire play) in a few words He skilfully convinces Othello that his wife Desdemona has been two-timing(a) with Cassio. He wounds Cassio, murders Roderigo, whom he has involved in his plots, and also kills his own wife Emilia. (211) The extent of Iagos villainy does not merely end in his acts and plans but in an entirely different context and case because his villainy was unjustified and unexplainable.He did not have a purpose and an aim in laying waste Othellos life and soul. For even if it seems that Iago was motivated by the anger he felt over Othellos passing over the position that was rightfully his to another man that was very much unqualified (according to Iago that is), it still seems not enough motive. In the first part of the play (act I, scene i), Iago insists that he does hate Othello and does a lengthy monologue on why he hates the Moor.However, it can be later l earned that maybe Iago was not really motivated by that null act done by Othello since Iago has never really revealed the real reason on why he hates Othello. This is because in the same act, he declares that he will never say what he feels and thinks because it is dangerous and it is laughable For when my outward action doth demonstrate / The native act and figure of my heart In compliment extern, tis not long after / But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve For daws to peck at. I am not what I am. (Shakespeare 1. 1. 63-7)His supposed reason on hating Othello may not be his true reason for the vendetta he so chillingly instills on the Moor because Iago will never disclose his real reasons. Thus, even though Iago was transparent with his feelings and thoughts to the audience and some characters like Roderigo and Emilia, he actually lied to everyone since he could never wear his heart on his sleeve. Moreover, even if the rage he felt over Othellos actions propelled him to do/plan suc h things, it was not enough to completely destroy the life of one man and the lives around that man.To think that Iago even killed his own wife with his own handswithout a second thought on doing it or a guilt overcoming afterwards. As what Dobbs & Wells wrote, Iago was a motiveless evil and that lack of motivation in him makes him a superior proponent of evil (211). In conclusion, Iago is most villainous not just because of the things he has done but also because of the lack of motivation in them, the absence of purpose, the incapacity to be guilty over the success of his evil plans and most of all, the mockery he throws to the characters and the audience at the end of the play with his silence.This silence is eerie as it has a purposeto make everyone shiver at what other havoc and damnation he could have done with that evil mind of his. Works Cited Dobson, Michael and Wells, Stanley. Iago. The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare. New York Oxford University Press, Inc. , 2001. 211. Sha kespeare, William. Othello, the Moor of Venice. Ed. Russ McDonald. New York Penguin Group, 2001. Print.

Hinduism and Mahabharata

Reflections From The Mahabharata Jeremy Bartel The Mahabharata is one long detailed epic, it is one of the oldest books the world has. However The Mahabharata is more than notwithstanding aggregation of verses and poems, it illustrates beliefs and sacred views of this ancient society. Some of the major themes are,ethics of right and wrong,and wrestling with ones place and how to act accordingly in their coterie system,and of course at the end nerve-racking to figure what our purpose is in life not just individu anyy but universally.All of these examples suggests and leads one to believe without a doubt that the epic was written with mantled of reflecting on the social, and religious beliefs at that sentence. So how does the Mahabharata reflect on the religious and social values of this ancient society that created it? The Mahabharata has one overarching theme that sums up the altogether epic, that being the theme of fulfilling your sacred duty. This is known throughout the hi ndu culture as dharma, and according to their law everyone is assigned to a role inside the caste system.The Mahabharata is all about achieving your sacred duty, or suffering the consequences of failing to accomplish your task. One specific example of this is when Arjuna is struggling with attacking and killing who he considers shut friends and family during the war. However Krishna is there remind him that it is his dharma to require out his role as a warrior. Most of the main characters belong to this warrior caste and all must carry out their duties of honor and bravery in accordance to that caste.This theme of dharma goes way beyond just the book but it is a main focal visor in hindu religion and thinking. Which most likely why it was such a huge factor in the book, because to the people who created this book that was highest goal to achieve. During this commodious speech given to Arjuna by Krishna he discusses what it pith to seek renunciation, and relinquishment. Krishn a tells Arjuna that renunciation is giving up those works which are prompted by desire. Krishna also explains what is meant by relinquishment, which means the abandonment of fruits of all works. The message he is teaching Arjuna goes back to his role or duties within his caste. Arjuna must not think that he is destroying anyone or killing them but simply sending them to heaven, because every soul is immortal and simply takes a new form. So because of this Arjuna must rise up and fulfill his Ksatriya or warrior role and destroy his enemies because that his is caste in life. These ideals are very similar to that of the hindu religion in regards of reincarnation, where a soul is immortal and does not fall out but comes back to take a different form in a new caste.Evidence like this only suggests that religion was a major factor in writing this epic, and was the main themes of the hindu religion are seen as main themes throughout this composition of literature. The other major evidenc e that points towards this text reflecting the religious and social values of the society that created it was the question of purpose in life aft(prenominal) the war. Once the war was over Yudhishthira, decides that he does not want to detect over this land because of all the violence and losses of men.He is saddened at the thought of so many dead he says I caused the destruction of my kinsman and the cause of extermination of my own race. The message of duty completing ones sacred duty is heard again, this time it is Bhima who is reassuring the king that his deeds were necessary. This idea dharma is illustrated yet again which shows just how important it is to the people who created this story. They would not have continually brought up the cultural belief of dharma if it was not an integral while of their society and religious beliefs.To seek a purification for all his sins Yudhishthira performs a sacrifice of a horse, which would purge him of all his wrongdoings. Once this ce remony was over did he go back into the city to rule. This part of the Mahabharata is a lot like the vedas we discussed in class which was a normal practice of the people who were living in this time period. Vedas were ritual sacrifices used for reasons some(prenominal) like that of Yudhishthira to purify oneself and it yet again more proof that the Mahabharata reflects greatly on social and religious values of that society.Many years go by and after the death of other characters Yudhishthira embarks on an asceticism journey which after 36 years leads him to the gates of heaven. The group he began with as all perished along the way, all except his dog who makes it to the top of the mountain with him. Once at the gate he must past a series of tests, the first being he can only enter heaven if he leaves the dog. He refuses however because the dog was so faithful throughout his journey, he passes that test because the dog was the beau ideal Dharma in disguise. The next one he learns his family is in hell and he chooses to join his love ones in hell, e passes that last test and his allowed into heaven with his loved ones. This idea of passing tests also is evidence for the case that the Mahabharata used the religious and social values of the ancient society, because in that cultural ones actions whether good or unhealthful determined if one was to make it to heaven. Heave was also not a permanent place because of the never ending cycle of life. All of these themes and examples are square(a) evidence in supporting the claim that the Mahabharata was in fact very reflective of religious and social culture and values of the ancient people that wrote the epic.Time and time again there is evidence sprinkled throughout the entire book that shows the inspiration of the idea for this book, came directly from the ideas and beliefs that were held with the most regard back in those days. Which were fulfilling your dharma, and if you live within your caste system then by t hat nature you have done good deeds and are worthy of heaven reward. 1 . Narasimhan, Mahabharata,1997),124 2 . Narasimhan, Mahabharata,1997), 124 4 . Narasimhan, Mahabharata,1997),194 3 . Narasimhan, Mahabharata, 1997, 190 5 . Narasimhan, Mahabharata,1997),212

No one take birth as a criminal Essay

No matter matchless make a crime but he/she whitethorn be driven by conditions so one could thought they were humans if they did non did it constantly for their sake criminals deserve to be punished. Most of the people would not hesitate to claim that those who break the law should be punished ansd put into prison as long as possible in case they wrap up to endager our lives and property. Also, if criminals are not given any punishment they may commit crimes again and again.Crime in general is the worst thing a person empennage do because it violates the law and it is a violation against the victims.Therefore, to protect the security of the society they should be punished according to the severity of the crime. So, regardless of what sort of crime person is commiting they have to pay for their crime. think that the criminals should not be punished as they are not born criminal. They become criminals due to the circumstances faced by them .A person does not commit a crime without any reason. The bible also says HATE THE SIN AND NOT THE SINNER . So the criminals should not be given the punishment but the crime should be punished One thing is clear at that place are far too many another(prenominal) another(prenominal) people in American prisons. There are far too many criminals in prison despite the fact that they pose no epochal threat to society. As a result otherwise productive citizens are sitting in a jail cell costing taxpayers money to reflexion aft(prenominal). Despite this, there are many non-violent crimes which warrant jail time. Without this, the penalties for breaking the law might be so mild, that people will scratch cipher risks. For instance, when I was a child, I was told not to eat more than two cookies. However, the punishment if caught would be that I would have to re twine the excess cookies.Therefore, from my point of view, it make sense for me to al commissions try and get away with extra cookies. If the punishment had been a spanking, being grounded etc then I would have factored in the risk, and would have fixed against taking extra cookies. Imagine if CEO s took the same view towards corporate fraud. Now, I am not suggesting that people who break any ravishment of the law should go to prison, nor am I suggesting that the current system is perfect, or even remotely close to perfect for that matter. However, I do feel that there are many non-violent crimes which merit a prison term not community service, not a suspended sentence, not house arrest and not probation but prison. Here are a few examples1) Repeatedly driving drunk or with a suspended sentence.2) Defrauding seniors out of their life savings.3) Ignoring the constitution and illegally wiretapping American citizens.4) Making hundreds of millions of dollars while falsifying documents to trick investors into investing in your company.5) Selling crack.Do we authentically pauperization these people on the streets? Do we really want to give them a slap on the wrist? Do we really want to give these people a chance to escape and go to a South American country to retire? Absolutely not. These people might not kill, but they are every bit as grave as the drunk who punches a cop in the faceNo man take birth as a criminal. Their circumstances force them to do what their heart never wills. Their circumstances can be anything it can be due to poverty, ailments or shortage of food. As in the drama bishops candlesticks the convict steals to vertical his wife from ache which he never wanted to do. But there was no way other than stealing. But after stealing as by his luck he was caught. And the punishment given to him was too big for his shoes. This was just an example. Imagine how many people in this land would be suffering wish this.Instead of understanding the pros and cons of the prisoner he is chained and whipped behind the bars. After a great suffering in the jail they just convert the criminals into a unrestrained b east.Criminals are also human beings and they need to be consulted.No man is born great and no man is a criminal.They want to get wok but there is no employement for them because of shortage of wealth. Society should treat them like normal people.They should be consulted and given a job.People are the future.People should change the world.In this contemporaries by stealing or by lazing around there is no escape.They have to be preached in a veritable manner.By these i conclude that criminals arent wicked and do not deserve punishment. We can leave even 1000 criminals to escape but nowhere should one innocent be prosecutedI do not acquiesce with the statement that All Criminals Are Wicked And Deserve Punishment. No body is a criminal from birth. It is the environment in which he grows that makes him a criminal or a respected man. Some people turn into criminals due to poverty as they are not able to nourish their family as theConvict in the Bishops Candlesticks. He is a good man b ut his poverty made him worst. Crime needs punishment but first one must bearing into the reason of the crime and then punish the culprit. Nowadays it is seen that criminals are roaming free and innocent people are sent to prison.One wrong step can turn innocent people into criminals.To remove crime and criminals we have to clean and purify this world and there should bejustice for everyone.o man take birth as a criminal. Their circumstances force them to do what their heart never wills. Their circumstances can be anything it can be due to poverty, ailments or shortage of food. As in the drama bishops candlesticks the convict steals to save his wife from suffering which he never wanted to do. But there was no way other than stealing. But after stealing as by his luck he was caught. And the punishment given to him was too big for his shoes. This was just an example. Imagine how many people in this world would be suffering like this.Instead of understanding the pros and cons of the p risoner he is chained and whipped behind the bars. After a great suffering in the jail they just convert the criminals into a wild beast.Criminals are also human beings and they need to be consulted.No man is born great and no man is a criminal.They want to get wok but there is no employement for them because of shortage of wealth. Society should treat them like normal people.They should be consulted and given a job.People are the future.People should change the world.In this generation by stealing or by lazing around there is no escape.They have to be preached in a certain manner. No man take birth as a criminal. Their circumstances force them to do what their heart never wills. Their circumstances can be anything it can be due to poverty, ailments or shortage of food. As in the drama bishops candlesticks the convict steals to save his wife from suffering which he never wanted to do. But there was no way other than stealing. But after stealing as by his luck he was caught. And the punishment given to him was too big for his shoes. This was just an example.Imagine how many people inthis world would be suffering like this.Instead of understanding the pros and cons of the prisoner he is chained and whipped behind the bars. After a great suffering in the jail they just convert the criminals into a wild beast. Criminals are also human beings and they need to be consulted.No man is born great and no man is a criminal.They want to get wok but there is no employement for them because of shortage of wealth. Society should treat them like normal people.They should be consulted and given a job.People are the future.People should change the world.In this generation by stealing or by lazing around there is no escape.They have to be preached in a certain manner.By these i conclude that criminals arent wicked and do not deserve punishment. we can leave even 1000 criminals to escape but nowhere should one innocent be prosecuted

Human Resources †how individuals are managed within an organisation Essay

IntroductionPeople ar an extremely important resource for whatsoever organisation. To be a productive someoneal line of credit you need to employ staff with the decline qualifications skills and lie with.The employees of an organisation ar collectively kn stimulate as its human resources, in m either organisations, two worldly concern and private, the human resources de give awayment is in like manner known as the effect department. However, the difference in name reflects a shift in emphasis from a stringently recruitment and welf ar role to a greater concern just ab divulge how to maximise the per rollance of staff. Human resource management is similarly an integral part of m any(prenominal) production line roles. in that location are many duties per relieve oneselfed by a typical human resources department. These duties complicate drawing up and implementing equal opportunities and health and safeguard policies, staff consultation, negotiation, appraisal and s taff development, as soundly as training, recruitment and selection of staff. They are the most important resource in the production of reasoneds ands services. umteen aspects of the employer-employee relationship are c everywhereed by legislation. However, employers are recognising increasingly that good human resource management practice, which goes beyond the garner of the law, net gene position benefits for both the organisation and the individual.The role of human resourcesHuman resource management involves managing a arrange of roles relating to people employed by a business includingenlisting The personnel department must advertise accordingly and try to attract the best supportdidates for the concern, and the recruit the best applicants. If the wrong person is recruited, and then finds the job boring or similarly difficult, then the business will not get the most out of its human resources. Also where employees need to be flexible and autonomous and where curb con trol over employees is difficult, recruitment is becoming much(prenominal) and more important. To mold true the best person is chosen, personnel departments must be clear about* What the job entails* What qualities the job requires* What rewards is infallible to retain and motivate employees.There are many stages of recruiting, they are 1. Analyse what the job entails and decide what conformation of person is needed.2. locate how the vacancy is to be advertised or announced.3. The selection process unavoidably to be planned and conducted in such a way as to go over that the best nominee is successful.Training involves employees being taught sweet skills or improving skills they pass already switch.Why might a business train its employees?It is argued that a well-trained subject force has certain benefits for a business.* Well-trained escapeers should be more productive. This will friend the business to achieve its boilers suit objectives such as increasing profits.* It should help to create a more flexible pass force. If a business demand to increase production, snipers then charter to be trained in new tasks.* New machinery or production processes can be introduced more effectively, if the staff are trained.* It should bleed to increased job satisfaction to employees. Well-motivated exploiters are more probably to be more productive.* It should reduce accidents and injuries if employees are trained in health and sanctuary procedures.* It whitethorn improve the image of the company.* It can improve employees chances of promotion.How does a firm know if training is demand?One method might be to use the job description to find the skills and knowledge needed to do the job. If the employees skills do not match up with the ones in the job description, then there is a need for re-training.Employees can also be asked about areas where they are not quite as confident, and think whitethorn need a little work on. This should make them more c ommitted to training. Training needs are undercoat at polar levels within a business.Training is often divided into on-the-job-training and off-the-job-training. On-the-job-training takes place when employees are trained while they are carrying out an activity, often at their place of work. Off-the-job training takes place away from the job, at a different location. It may involve the employee being released for periods of prison term to at extend courses at colleges or another(prenominal)(prenominal) institutions. This is by far the most popular form of training.One vital key task of HRM is to keep up to date with piece of work legislation (UK and EU) and to remain alert to the implications of such legislation for the firm and the workers.The main aim of such legislation is to ensure that employees rights are protected. Basic rights include* Employees must receive a written statement of hurt and conditions of employment within 13 weeks of starting work.* They must be paid the comparable as other people who carry out identical or similar jobs.* Working conditions must be safe and healthy.* Workers cannot be dismissed unfairly.* Employers must not discriminate against any member of staff.Employees have basic rights to* They are expected to comply with the terms of their contract.* To do jobs with care and skill, to the accept able-bodied standard.* Observe health and safety regulations.* Not to damage the firms property.There are many other responsibilities that then form the basis of the contract of employment. The contract is formed as in brief as the employer offers a person a job and they accept it.Motivation at workFor many years firms have habituated financial rewards in an attempt to motivate employees and improve productivity. However in the last 2 or 3 decades firms have realised that * the chance to earn more coin may not be an effective motivator* financial incentive schemes are difficult to operate* individual reward schemes may no extend ed be effective as production has be have sex organised into group tasks* other factors may be more important in motivating employeesIf other factors are more important than pay in motivating workers, it is important for firms to commit them. Only then can a business make sure its work force is motivated.Team workThe Swedish car firm Volvo is a well-known example of a company that has effectively introduced teamwork. In both its plants at Kalmar and Uddevalla, it portion up production in teams of 8-10 extremely skilled workers. The teams decided between themselves how the work was to be distri exclusivelyed and how to solve problems as they arise. It is arguable whether these practices malarkey to an increase in productivity, but the company firmly believes this method of organisation was better than an assembly line system a similar system is apply at Honda UK but with four person teams.If the firm is al ways changing due to the market, which is causing it to either, expand or de-layer. Then they will have to transpose the work force accordingly.The case study that I will be tone at is a position as a secretary for Ratcliffe College.P1- enlistingOne of the most important responsibilities of Human resource function is recruitment and selection. The be of recruitment, training and retaining employees are high, but the costs of selecting the wrong people or losing key members of staff can be even higher. The processes of recruitment and selection must always relate the requirement for skilled staff to the business needs of the organisation. It is also essential that potential candidates be treated fairly.When vacancies arise because existing staff move to other jobs, retire or have to leave work because of unwellness. Some vacancies occur because the organisation expands or is restructured. Before the organisation advertises a post, it needs to decide whether there is a real need for the position to be pick outed. It might consider the following alterna tives* Amalgamating one job with another* Giving existing staff overtime* Recruiting temporary staff* Increasing the use of engineering or machinery* Once an organisation decides that a vacancy exists, the recruitment process begins.Internal recruitmentInternal recruitment strengthens employees commitment to the company, for example Kelloggs have stated the following in their recruitment policy handbook* Offer the job to an existing employee, as a promotion or transfer* advance internally, if suitable candidate is likely to available internally* Advertise externally if no suitable candidate is likely to exist internally(and display notice internally to the effect that the advertisement is appearing)Except in superfluous cases, all vacancies should be advertised internally in advance external recruitment methods are used.There are a number of benefits to publicizing jobs inside the business.* It gives employees within the company a chance to develop their career* There may be a shorter creation period as the employee is likely to be familiar with the company* Employers will know more about internal candidates abilities. This should reduce the endangerment of employing the wrong person* Internal recruitment may be quicker and less expensive than recruiting from outside the business.However, there are also disadvantages.* Internal advertising limits the number of applicants* External candidates might have been better quality* Another vacancy will be created which might have to be filled* If having investigated ways of filling the vacancy internally the business unagitated does not appoint, then it must find ways to obtain candidates externally.External recruitmentThere are many ways of attracting candidates from outside the company. The choice of method often depends on the type of vacancy and the type of employee a business wants. Each method has its own benefits and problem, although it could be argued that the overall advantages of external advertising are the opposite of the disadvantages of internal advertising, for example, there is a wider number of applicants.Commercial employment agencies, these are companies that specialise in recruiting and selection. They usually provide a shortlist of candidates for a company to discourse, but can also provide temporary workers. For example HMS, Alfred Marks and Kelly Accountancy Personnel.The advantage of commercial agencies is that they are experienced in providing certain types of worker, such as secretaries and clerical staff. They also minimise the administration for the employer involved in recruiting staff. Their main drawback is that they tend to produce staff that only stay in a job for a short time. Another problem for the business is the cost of paying fees to the agency.Recruitment and selectionP2-Personnel SpecificationThe first step is to prepare a job description. Before make-up a job description, the job itself has to be analysed. This will identify the skills needed t o perform the job and will also forego management to consider the overall effectiveness of the post and whether any changes are unavoidable. Clear job descriptions form the basis for preparing advertisements and for drawing up person unique(predicate)ations. Once individuals are in the post, job descriptions allow them to know exactly what their roles are, and what is expected of them.Before writing a job description, the job itself has to be analysed. This will identify the skills needed to perform the job and will also allow management to consider the overall effectiveness of the post and whether any changes are necessary. Clear job descriptions form the basis for preparing advertisements and for drawing up person specifications. Once individuals are in a post, job description allow them to know exactly what their roles are, and what is expected of them.When preparing a job description, it is important that the business to look to* Describe the job accurately- if you overstate or understate the requirements of the job, you will be less likely to attract suitable applicants* Avoid discriminatory descriptions wording that implies one sex is preferable to another is unfair, flagitious and unnecessarily restricts the number of people you are able to choose from.Below is an example of a job description, advertised in the local paper, for my case study.Ratcliffe College ruminate championship School secretaryDepartment Administration, including BursaryLocation Ratcliffe College, Ratcliffe-on-the-WreakeSalary 15,000- 20,000Requirements for the job* Enthusiastic, sociable, hard working person.* Taking care of any paper work regarding the school, and tell presss throughout the day on any matter.* Computer skills and experience of working in an office.General information* The hours per day would from 9am-5pm, 5 days a week.* There is a team of six people who deal with the administration of the school this includes the bursar, the head masters secretary and the four secretaries.The profile of the best person to fill a job is a vital reference document to use during the selection process. It helps eliminate unsuitable candidates, guides interviewers and allows selectors to analyse candidates objectively. The following are the key areas in drawing up a person specification* Knowledge and understanding required for the job* Skills and abilities required for the job* Experience required for the job* trainingal requirementsThe following shows a person specificationTo fill the receptionist post we are looking for people with most of the following qualifications1. GCSEs in maths and English, additional qualifications such as computer skills required.2. The applicant must have had previous experience in an office environment3. Must be computer literate, and able to use a photocopier.4. Must have an outgoing, friendly spirit, and able to communicate efficiently with students and fellow members of staff alike. Most importantly, they must be abl e to answer the telephone and help with any enquiries.When preparing person specifications, there are several(prenominal) pitfalls to be avoided.* Asking for higher qualifications than are needed, it runs the risk of passing over less-qualified staff who are likely to be hang frustrated in positions that fail to extend their abilities* Asking for more or lessone with particular or extensive experience, an individual with the right aptitudes, skills and temperament may be a quick learner* Stipulating particular age requirements, tasks that are traditionally regarded as junior can often be done as well, if not better, by older staff. Similar, jobs that have been regarded as the preserve of more mature employees may be performed by able, qualified and highly motivated new-fangled people.* Defining narrow physical requirements, these must only be specified where the requirement is genuine and essential. Remember that the specification of physical attributes can lead to direct or indir ect discrimination.* Basing your specification on someone who is already doing the job, no matter how good that person might be, he or she is a unique individual and no one else will be a perfect replacement. The new sleep togetherr will bring his or her own personality, determine and skills.P3-Reviewing Applications omit Puddleduck- she distinguishms to be able to get on with people and handle situations, as we can see this from her working as a carer in an ripened Home. She is the eldest to apply for the job and has a good amount of previous experience, which give her the skills needed, like office and computer work. Seems to be a hard work and has good communication skills, and also she has worked with children before so is a strong candidate.From her CV I see that she has three young children, This may cause a problem, as she has a live-in child minder.Mr Langer- Mr Langer sent in an coating form with exceptional exam results both from GCSE and A level. He gave some job expe rience which all showed experience but nothing that was relevant to the job description.His letter of application was very short with not much detail. Being as he hadnt any experience in secretarial duties then I would have thought that he would have tried to impress me through the letter of application. This didnt happen but because of his good exam results I offered him an interview hoping he would have something to offer the company.Mr Langers CV was average, he had typed it out so that it looked neat, and it was set well but the contented which he needed to impress me wasnt there. Mr Langer was a very intellectual young man by the voice communication which he had used on his recruitment forms and his given exam results but unfortunately he didnt have the relevant experience to offer this post.Miss Hill- the weakest candidate looking from her application form, but she seems to be enthusiastic over the job, but from her CV she says she likes socialising, which may be a defeatfal l as she may need to come in any day of the week. Miss Hill has no previous experience. From the CV her GCSE grades are not excellent, however, she has passed English and maths, and has computer skills. I am not sure how well she can communicate with people of different ages, as I have no evidence that she can. However, as she is young she may find it easier to communicate with the student, but she must be able to communicate effectively with the adults as well. She also has a young child, so she may know how to get on with the younger generation in the schoolMiss Hill has a young child, which could mean that she will need time off work to look by and by it. She states that her mum could look after the child at the weekends if necessary, however, her mum may not be available in the week if the child is unable to go to playgroup. So it may cause difficulties in the future, as she may have difficulties finding someone to look after the child or she may have to take days off.P4-Contra ct of employmentOnce a business has selected an employee, the successful candidates must be appointed. Once appointed. Employees are entitled to a Contract of Employment. This is an agreement between the employer and the employee under which each has certain obligations. It is binding to both parties in the agreement, the employer and the employee. This means that it is criminal to break the terms and conditions in the contract without the other party agreeing.As soon as an employee starts work, and therefore demonst rank that she accepts the terms offered by the employer, the contract comes into existence. It is sometimes a written contract, although a verbal agreement or implied agreements are also contracts of employment. The employment Right Act, 1996 requires employers to give employees taken on for one month or more a written statement within two months of appointment. This written statement sets out the terms and conditions in the contract. Some common features shown in the written statement are* The names of the employer and the name of the employee* The date on which the employment is to begin* The job title* The terms and conditions of employment* Remuneration and pay interval* Hours of work* Entitlement to drear leave and pay (if any)* Pensions* Period of notice for employer and employee* Disciplinary and Grievance procedures.Certain employment protection rights cover employees that are appointed by a business. administration legislation makes it a duty of employers to safeguard these rights. They fall into a number of areas.* Discrimination. Employees cannot be discriminated against on grounds of gender, race or disability. So, for example, a business cannot worsen to appoint a candidate for a job only because that person is female.* Pay. Employees must be paid the same rate as other employees doing the same job, a similar job or a job with equal demands. They also have the right to itemised pay statements and not to have pay deducted for unlaw ful reasons. early(a) conditions which may be included are the need for medical examinations, working from different locations, the right to search employees, the need for confidentiality and the need to obey the specific rules of the organisation.If the employer fails to provide a written statement of the main terms and conditions of employment, an employee could exercise his or her legal right to ask an industrial tribunal to decide what ought to have been in the written statement. This is then imposed upon the employer. Employers with more than twenty employees are also obliged to ensure that every employee has a copy of the disciplinary and injury procedures.Employers have always wanted workers to be as flexible as possible. In the past this has meant paying overtime for extra hours worked, or higher rates for shift work. Faced with competition, businesses attempted to use their existing employees more efficiently. Sometimes this could benefit the employee. An example of a situ ation in Adams is a single woman with a child was able to work between the hours of 9 am to 3 p.m. each day while her child is at school. Working flexible hours could mean an employee may take time off for personal reasons and still work their required number of hours a week.Training would also be given to workers so they become multi -skilled able to switch from one job to another if needed. This example of job rotation may perhaps lead to the employee being more motivated. From a firms point of view, an employee that can change jobs may prevent the need to have temporary workers to cover for illness etc. and so reduce labour costs. An example of this is the workstyle initiative at Adams, where team working has been introduced so that workers can change from one process to another and do the work of others in the team if necessary.In 1985 John Atkinson and the Institute of Manpower Studies developed the idea of the flexible firm. They suggested that businesses have a core and a pe riphery. As a result of increasing competition, firms have attempted to make the workforce as flexible as possible, to increase productivity, reduce costs and react more quickly to change. The business would try to motivate core workers, giving them job security, and employ periphery workers only when needed.Increasingly employers looked to make plans that allow a business to respond to changes. For example, if a large unexpected order arrives, a business will need workers that can get it out on time. Using a flexible workforce enables a business to react effectively to changes that take place outside the business. Examples of workers that are used by a business includes* Part time employees.* Temporary employees to deal with increases in demand.* Workers on zero hours contracts who are employed by the business but only work and are paid when both the business and the employee agree.* Workers who work to annualised hours contracts, where they work a certain number of hours over a ye ar rather than in a week.* Workers who bank time, by not working when demand is slack but being asked to work that time at a later date.* Office temporary workers to cover for illness.* Self-employed workers.* Job sharing, where two workers are employed to do a skillful time job that in the past have been carried out by the one person.P5-My Performance in the InterviewBefore the interview1. The interviewer should check that the interview arrangements are satisfactory* Is the pose adequate?* Is the lighting satisfactory?* Is the room quiet or private?* Has it been ensured that the interview will not be break up?* Has access for candidates with a physical disability been checked?2. Check through the job description and the person specification.3. Read the application forms again, not any special questions or queries.4. Write down the agreed questions that every candidate will have to answer, so they can make comparisons of each interviewee, this could including* Why did you apply f or this job?* Why did you apply to this organisation?5. At the beginning of the interview every candidate should be welcomed by name and invited to sit down.6. Begin the interview with an blossom or easy question, which should help the interviewees to relax.7. The interviewer should always stay calm and uninvolved and be ready to listen8. Keep observing the candidates. Watch for body delivery signal such as* The way they sit* Arm and hand movements* Eye movements and eye contact* Voice9. At the end of the interview the interviewer should* convey the candidate* Find out if the candidate has any questions or wants to add anything* Find out when the candidate could start work* Ask whether the candidate still wants the job* Tell the candidate how and when they will be told the result of the interviewAfter the Interview1. The candidates should leave feeling that they have had a fair attempting.An interviewer can ask either open or closed questions.* Open questions cannot be answered with a simple yes or no. Answering them allows individuals to express their opinions and to talk at length. Here are some examples of open-ended questions. What did you enjoy most about a particular job? Which skills do you think would be most utile in this post? How do you plan to achieve that?* Closed questions require a simple yes or no answer. It will always be necessary to ask a few closed questions, but their use should be restricted. Closed questions do not allow the candidate to talk freely, and they can make the interview somewhat stilted, with the interviewer doing most of the talking.When I was the interviewer I asked open ended questions, which allowed me to find out more about the candidate personality as well as there attitude to work. However from my colleagues point of view I was told that I was to set(p) back towards the candidate and to disorganise, this was because I had not gone through the CVs and the application form. This could have meant that I missed some v ital information about the candidates. Also I did not write any information down about each candidate, which meant that I could not remember what the candidates where like. Which meant that I could analyse and compare the candidates.As an interviewee I was confident going for the position, instinctive to answer the questions, with no problems. But in doing this I had not research the position enough, as I had a lack of information about the school. cunning this would of help me to put across my views on how I would of achieved the job successfully, and showed that I was interested in the job.I feel that during the interviews I fulfilled most of these criteria. The seating was adequate there were two seats for the interviewers and one doe the candidate. However, there was a desk in between, it would have been better to try and create a more relaxed atmosphere, by either not having the desk at all, or sitting to one side of the desk. I was familiar with the job description and perso n specification, and had already inclined(p) certain questions for each candidate. I had prepared a sheet with the questions that I was going to ask all of the candidates, a copy of this can be found in the appendix.I welcomed all the candidates by name and shucked there hand, and tried to make them feel welcome. Throughout the interview I used a sorting of open and closed questions. I should have used more open than closed questions to allow the candidate to talk more. This would be one aspect I would have to change in future interviews. I thought of some follow up questions, however, could have thought of some more. I observed the candidates several times throughout the interview, which gave me a good idea of their overall body language. At the end of the interview, I allowed the candidates to ask questions, found out when they could start work, and told them when they would hear of the result. I didnt tell them how they would hear of the result, and I forgot to ask then if they were still interested in the job.After the interview I made some brief notes on the way the candidate had reacted during the interview. All these documents remained private between myself and the other interviewerM4-Local Labour MarketEmployment by sectorLeicestershire TEC expanse%East midlands%Great Britain% cultivation & Fishing1,5000.46,9000.471,0000.3Energy & Water5,0001.217,6001.1214,7001.0Manufacturing116,70029.4418,70025.84,060,00018.0Construction13.3003.370,7004.4987,9004.4Distribution, Hotels & restaurants80,00020.1354,8005.01,319,4005.9Transport & communication22,0005.581,1005.01,319,4005.9Banking, finance & Insurance, etc.58,60014.8230,20014.24,183,70018.6Public administration, Education & Health85,90021.6378,70023.35,496,60024.4Other services14,0003.565,7004.01,068,9004.7Total397,000100.01,623,800100.022,534,900100.0The labour market is split up into three different labour sectors 1. Primary these are businesses that are involved in extracting cancel resources from th e environment. Examples are the first two rows of the table.2. Secondary businesses convert the raw materials from the primary sector into a form that can be used by customers. The troika and fourth rows on the table are examples of this sector.3. Tertiary Organisations provide services. The reminding rows are businesses in the tertiary sector.* Manufacturing contributes nearly 30% to GDP and employs some 27% of the workforce, goods produced range from textiles & clothing through aeroouter space engines. However, manufacturing output within the vicinity is forecast to fall by approximately 0.5% in 1999 before recovering in 2000.* Service empyrean employment is growing faster than at the national level, but the service sector is still relatively under-re certifyed. IT related employment, in particular, continues to expand.* Agriculture the East Midlands accounts for 10% of UK agricultural output, and employs 45,000 people across the region, rising to nearly one in five of the workforce in some areas.* Unemployment the regional claimant rate has been below the UK rate and currently stands at 3.9% compared to the UK 4.4% for May 1999.Current situation & prospectsWithin the East Midlands, exploitation in services was estimated to have been stronger than the UK as a whole during 1998. However, the region saw a sharp slowdown in business services growth, reflecting the dependence of the sector on local manufacturing. Manufacturing output declined significantly during 1998, due to disablement in both domestic and export demand, and a strong pound. Manufacturing output within the region is forecast to continue to decline during 1999, before recovering in 2000. Subdued performance is also expected in retailing & distribution, and in transport & communications. Overall regional GDP is expected to rise only reasonably by 0.3% during 1999, with employment levels expected to remain static.Short-term changes in the GDP by sector (% per year)ManufacturingServices OtherAll servicesFin. & Bus. Services199819992000199819992000199819992000199819992000E.M.0.30.3-3.11.50.21.24.92.21.96.8-0.7-1.9UK-0.2-0.2-3.21.30.60.52.51.51.41.6-1.4-1.9 secret investment fundsThe region has seen inward investment in manufacturing over recent years. In the first half of 1998 the East Midlands won 16 inward investment projects, which created a total of 2,240 jobs. Approximately 50% of the projects came from the USA. Other inward investment projects within the region include Toyota, the Japanese car manufacturer, which has expanded its plant at Burnaston in Derbyshire at a cost of 200m in order to build a second car model, the Corolla.The region has also been successful in attracting call centres, despite competition. In the future as direct banking and insurance services increase, further investment opportunities are likely to arise for the region. The East Midlands success in attracting inward investment can be explained by its central location, good infrastructur e links with the rest of the country, relatively low land prices, and the quality of its workforce.Leicestershires Industrial ProfileLeicestershires industrial structure has experienced a long period of change and this change is seen to continue. The manufacturing pains consists of textiles and clothing, electronic engineering, mechanical engineering, food for thought processing, printing and publishing, and pharmaceuticals. In Leicestershire 26% of the population are employed in this sector compared with 19% nationally. The most important manufacturing industry group, in terms of output, cadaver other manufacturing which includes textiles and food manufacturing, currently accounting for half of all manufacturing output.The fastest growing sector was national transport and communications, with an average annual growth of 9.6% since 1992. This growth largely reflects the advantages of Leicestershire as a central location for distributionIndustrial sectorsLeicestershire TEC areaLei cestershire countyLeicester cityRutland1999 Employee estimatesNumber%Number%Number%Number%Agriculture & Fishing3,1000.82,7001.2004003.5Energy & Water9,2002.35,6002.43,2002.14003.5Manufacturing102,60026.064,30028.136,30023.82,00017.4Construction149003.810,0004.44,3002.86005.2Distribution, Hotels & restaurants83,00021.151,10022.329,20019.12,70023.5Transport & communication23,1005.916,1007.06,5004.35004.3Banking, finance & Insurance, etc.54,80013.928,10012.325,60016.81,1009.6Public administration, Education & Health85,90021.841,90018.340,60026.63,40039.6Other services16,6004.29,3004.16,9004.54003.5Total employees393,200100.0229,100100.0152,600100.011,500100.0M5 Analysing the recruitment documentsI think I should have spaced out the application form a bit better and left more room for the forenames and surnames. On the application form I didnt put a space for sex, this should have been entered, as some people may see it as not giving equal opportunities. I think that it is of a good si ze, and the font is neither too small nor too large, however, if there had been more spaces left, then it may have been easier to read. There is not a final section asking for a reenforcement statement. This does not give the applicant opportunity to sell themselves.I should have put some spaces in the Employment History section for reason for go forth the job, and also how long they had been at their last job for. This would have given me some indication on how willing they are. Also if I had left space at the end of the form, there would have been space for the candidates to sell themselves, also giving me more information to base my questions on at the interview. There should have also been more space for them to fill in information about their education. In the references section there should be space to show what relationship the person given as a reference is to the candidate.As it is important for companies to enforce equal opportunities I should have had a section in the a pplication form asking if they had a disability, what their ethnic origin is and also what colour they consider themselves (black, white, other, mixed). This should be an optional section however, I should have included it.I also provided a sheet for the candidates to fill in just before the interview. This is where extra information could be gathered, and if any details have changed since they filled in the application form, then I could be notified of them.The appraisal documents during the interview I made some basic notes of the candidates performance. These notes included how well they answered the questions, and their body language. I also gave them label for their body language, their language and how appropriate it was, and how confident they were (1 being the best, and 5 the worst)In my personnel specification, I should have said more about the job so that they know more about the job and what jobs would be involved in the position. Also how to handle parents and children. Also in the job description, I should stated more about what the jobs would be involved with, like handling children from the ages of 5-18, so they need to be patient sometimes and also authoritative.M6-Strengths & WeaknessesMrs Jemima PuddleduckHer letter of application was most impressive. It was typed, set out correctly, and lots of good language was used. The recruitment documents that we received from Mrs Jemima Puddleduck showed that she was a well-educated young lady, showing she had studied both GCSEs, and A levels with excellent grades, and also well qualified. The only factor, which made me a little unsure of her, was that she had children, which I felt it might cause some difficulty about the hours she could work. Plus a degree in sports management. It was a very encouraging letter, outlining her strengths and weaknesses, and also stating any previous relevant work experience as well as any other experience to show her enthusiasm for work.Her experiences in jobs show us a very caring lady friend and she has taken part in work experience in very useful places.Mrs Jemima Puddleduck sent me a very short but detailed letter of application it was in written form very neat and well set out.Her work experiences have given her experience of what this position requires and I feel she would be an excellent candidate for this job.Mr Brett LangerThe documents that were given to us by Brett Langer shows that he is ma very hard working person, we know this by looking at his GCSEs and A Levels. So he should then have the basic skills available to do the job successfully, with A grades in Maths and English in his GCSEs. My impression also was that he may be a little well qualified for the job, nonetheless a very promising candidate. It showed that he had some previous job experience, however, he had never worked in an office before.From the letter of application he seemed to be an all round person, being able to get on with people. We can also see this from his pas t work experience as a Waiter and Employee at McDonalds, this showing he should be able to get on with any sort of person and situations.The only problem is that he is going to be working on a temporary basis as hes looking for a job in the business sector, so he will only be working here until he finds a job in the business industry.Miss Tracy HillMiss Hill is the youngest candidate applying for the position as Secretary. The recruitment documents, which we received from Miss Tracy Hill, she seems to be a nice girl but lack the personnel skills and personality for the job. There are concerns on how sociable she is, and how this may affect her work, as she may have to come in on a Saturday or Sunday. She has the basic skills to do the job with having GCSEs in IT, Maths and English. She also has no work experience in any field. She is the weakest candidate for the job, but we have decided to give her a chance to prove us wrong in the interview.Jemima Puddleduck questions1. Will you b e able to come in if there was an emergency?2. Do you think you be able to handle the children when if they get rowdy?3. Why have you decided to leave your present job?4. How long would it take to hand in your notice at your present job?5. How come you havent decided to go into the sports industry?Brett Langer questions1. Do you know how to use the basics of computer software?2. How long do you think you would work here?3. Will you be able to come in if there was an emergency?4. Do you think you be able to handle the children when if they get rowdy?5. Do you think you would get along with the different age groups that go to the school?Tracy Hill question1. Why did you leave school after your GCSEs?2. Why havent you got any work experience?3. Would it be a problem with the hours you work with a child?4. Who will look after the child?5. Will you be able to come in if there was an emergency?6. Do you think you be able to handle the children when they get rowdy?M7-My performance in the InterviewsTo start off with I was shy, I was not sure how they would react to me, but as the interviews went on my interviewing technique improved and I started to settle down. I found that I didnt really help them to relax and settle down, which made them nervous and allowed them t make mistakes, as they didnt know how to react to me.After settling down I became confident enough to ask the candidate questions about the job and putting them in situations and asking how they would handle a particular situation. collectable to this I became to laid back, I was showing poor body language for example my arms were crossed. I also acted to casual with the candidate I was told this from my colleagues who were also interviewing the candidate.Due to me being confident and laid back, I asked the candidate opened ended questions, which enabled my colleagues and I to get to know the candidate more intimately and what there personality was like.I also found that I was too disorganised for the i nterview, compared to my colleagues who where ready for the interview, as they had questions readily decided to ask the candidate. Which didnt show a good impression on the candidate and made me look silly. I also had not gone through the candidates information, which gave me a disadvantage, as I did not ask the relevant information for the job. Which lead to me not writing any information about the candidate, so it made it difficult on which candidate to pick for the job.I think that I also should have changed the tone of voice more, as I felt the candidate was finding the interview was acquire to boring.Improvements1. I should appear to be relaxed from the beginning of the interview so that they can give their best performances through out the interview.2. I shouldnt act laid back whilst interviewing the candidate. As this gives a bad impression to the interviewee, about the way things are running in the company.3. I should look through the application documents before I intervie w the candidate to have some kind of information about the candidate and question to find out more about their personality.4. It would be more fairer to all the candidates if I took notes on each applicant, so that I can offer the job to the best person, so that I can compare them with there good and bad points and offer the job to the best person.M8 Our own design of a Contract of employment1. Name of employer_________________________________2. Name of employee________________________________3. Job title .4. Salary .5. Start date 6. Pay rate..7. Amount of hours that must be completed in one week.8. Leave, you are entitled todays-paid pass per annum in addition to statutory holidays. The leave is to taken at a time convenient to the employer.9. Sick pay and allowances ..10. Amount of holiday entitlement .11. What notice is needed when you want to finish thatjob.. to ensure flexibility within our workforce, you will at times be expected to work extra hours as required, but you will normally be given advanced notice of times.12. Grievance Procedures, if you wish to raise any grievance relating to your employment, you should do so in agreement with the grievance procedure shown in the employee information binder, which can be obtained from the Personal office.13. Pension scheme, details of the contributory company pension scheme, for which you are eligible, may be obtained from the personnel office.14. Discipline Rules, the company rules form part of your conditions of employment. These are shown in the Employee Information Binder and it is your responsibility to familiarise yourself with these and observe them at all times.